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Biology > Unit 1 (Georgia standard): Stability & change in populations over time > Flashcards

Unit 1 (Georgia standard): Stability & change in populations over time Flashcards

Evolution, Characteristics of organisms, Levels of the environment and biological organization, (Bacteria, Human, and Virus cells), Types of resistance

1
Q

What is Methicillin - resistant staph?

A

MRSA

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2
Q

Ribosomes don’t have a…

A

Membrane

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3
Q

Bacteria can reproduce…

A

Asexually

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4
Q

What are capsids surrounded, made, and protected by?

A

Protein

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5
Q

Do viruses reproduce?

A

Yes, but only with a host cell

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6
Q

Prokaryotic cells don’t have…

A

A nucleus or membrane cells

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7
Q

Spanish moss in an ____ that meets all 8 ____

A

organism, all 8 characteristics of an organism

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8
Q

The interactions between the different species of plants, animals, & the nonliving, physical factors found in their environment

A

Ecosystem

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9
Q

Abiotic

A

Nonliving organisms (ex: rocks)

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10
Q

Biotic

A

Living (can include dead) (ex: bird, dead or alive)

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11
Q

Levels of the environment: opcebb

A

organisms, population, community, ecosystem, biome, biosphere

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12
Q

Levels of biological organization: mmoctooo

A

molecules, macro molecules, organelles, cells, tissue, organs, organ systems, organism

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13
Q

Characteristics of organisms: greg chor

A

Growth & development, reproduction, evolve, genetic code, cells, homeostasis, obtain & use materials & energy, response to the environment

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14
Q

Virus size

A

Extremely small

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15
Q

what does the capsid of a virus protect?

A

the genetic code

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16
Q

some viruses have… (protection)

A

protein spikes &/or envelope

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17
Q

Viruses are not made of…

A

cells

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18
Q

Viruses do not respond to…

A

antibiotics

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19
Q

bacteria size

A

very small, but bigger than viruses

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20
Q

the genetic code of bacteria is located where?

A

floating in the cytoplasm

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21
Q

what is another name for cytoplasm?

A

cytosol

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22
Q

bacteria has what kind of cells?

A

Prokaryotic

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23
Q

what type of gene code does bacteria have?

A

DNA

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24
Q

How does bacteria reproduce?

A

Asexually through binary fussion

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25
Q

Bacteria are affected by…

A

antibiotics

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26
Q

Bacteria can…

A

evolve

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27
Q

What is another term for antibiotic resistance?

A

superbugs

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28
Q

Size of a human cell

A

large

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29
Q

what protects the gene code of the human cell?

A

the nuclues

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30
Q

human cells are…

A

eukaryotic cells

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31
Q

eukaryotic cells reproduce through…

A

mitosis

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32
Q

Mutations &/or evolution depends on…

A

the environment the organism lives in

33
Q

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic that prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells share?

A

Both store their genetic code in a nucleus

34
Q

The T4 bacteriophage is a common virus that exclusively uses bacteria as hosts. Based on your knowledge of viruses, which of the following is TRUE of bacteriophages? (The 8 characteristics of an organism)

A

Bacteriophages can evolve
and
Bacteriophages can respond to their environment

35
Q

Despite their differences in appearance, all bony fish have common ancestors. Their fins develop from similar structures and usually have a similar number of bones. Because of this, the large rudder-like dorsal fin of a sailfish, the poisonous dorsal fin of a catfish, and the tiny reduced dorsal fin of a puffer fish are said to be ________ structures.

A

Homologous

36
Q

What are the 3 types of Biological resistance?

A

Antibiotic, Insecticide, Anti-viral

37
Q

Antibiotic Resistance

A

Resistant bacteria don’t die when antibiotics are used

38
Q

Insecticide Resistance

A

Resistant insects don’t die when insecticide (or pesticides) are used

39
Q

Anti-viral Resistance

A

Resistant viruses don’t “die” when vaccines are used

40
Q

Are human cells organisms?

A

Yes

41
Q

Are bacteria organisms?

A

Yes

42
Q

Are viruses organisms? Why or why not?

A

No. They don’t grow and develop, they don’t have cells, they don’t maintain homeostasis, and they don’t obtain and use energy

43
Q

Jean Baptist Lamarck created which evolutionary theory?

A

Theory of acquired traits

44
Q

Was Lamarck’s theory true? Why or why not?

A

No, organisms do not evolve due to the demands of their environment

45
Q

What are the three forms of evidence for evolution?

A

Fossil records, morphology, embryology, and DNA sequencing (aka biochemistry/protein sequencing)

46
Q

Examples of morphology?

A

Homologous, Analogous, and vestigial structures

47
Q

Convergent evolution

A

The evolution toward similar characteristics in unrelated species

48
Q

Divergent evolution

A

Closely related species evolve in different directions and become increasingly different

49
Q

Adaptive radiation

A

Diversification of 1 ancestral species into many different species

50
Q

Coevolution

A

When 2 or more species evolve in response to changes in each other

51
Q

The concept that species evolve very slowing over long periods of time

A

Gradualism

52
Q

Punctuated Equilibrium

A

Burst of evolutionary activity followed by long periods of stability

53
Q

Biodiversity

A

The variety of life on Earth

54
Q

Speciation

A

The process of new species being formed from existing species

55
Q

Genetic Drift

A

A change in the genetic makeup of populations caused by random events

56
Q

What populations experience genetic drift?

A

All of them

57
Q

The smaller the population, the ___ genetic drift will have a drastic effect

A

More

58
Q

The ___ the population, the less genetic drift will have a drastic effect

A

Bigger

59
Q

Massive random event that can effect populations genetic variation and can cause evolution

A

Genetic drift

60
Q

Geographic isolation can stop ___ ___

A

Gene flows

61
Q

Geographic isolation can cause ___

A

Speciation

62
Q

Slow evolution w/ the occasional burst of evolution

A

Punctuated equilibrium

63
Q

The next best version of finding ancestory after DNA sequencing is ___ ___

A

Protein sequencing

64
Q

Migration = ___ ___

A

Gene flow

65
Q

The largest population of any single species that an area can support

A

Carrying capacity

66
Q

A group of individuals of a single species that live in the same area

A

Population

67
Q

The struggle between organisms for the same limited resources in a particular area

A

Competition

68
Q

Any resource that can run out with continuous use

A

Finite

69
Q

The study of how living things interact with each other and their environment

A

Ecology

70
Q

All the living and non-living things that interact in a specific area; a subdivision of the environment

A

Ecosystem

71
Q

A large natural community of plants and wildlife adapted to a specific climate

A

Biome

72
Q

The combination of all the different populations that live and interact in the same area

A

Community

73
Q

All of the living and non-living elements that surrounds and influence life

A

Environment

74
Q

The place where a plant or animal lives or prefer to live

A

Habitat

75
Q

The biologically inhabited portions of earth, including all of the water, land, and air in which organisms survive

A

Biosphere

76
Q

Any biotic or abiotic component of an environment that determine the size of a population that can live there

A

Limiting factor

77
Q

What’s another name for cell membrane?

A

plasma membrane, phospholipid bilayer

78
Q

Darwin developed the theory of evolution. Which of these observation is the best evidence for the theory of evolution?

A There appear to be missing links in the evolutionary chain.
B Humans have very diverse traits today.
C DNA found in older primate fossils resemble those of humans today.
D Life on earth has been found to date back billions of years.

A

DNA found in older primate fossils resemble those of humans today

Biology (9 decks)

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