Unit 1 Module 2 Flashcards
(23 cards)
Charles Darwin
Argued that natural selection shapes behaviors as well as bodies
Nature nurture issue
Controversy over contributions that genes and experience make up the development of traits and behaviors
What is psychology’s historic big issue?
Nature untrue issue
Levels of analysis
The differing views from biological to psychological to social cultural
Biopsychosocail approach
Incorporates biological, psychological, and social-cultural levels of analysis
Biological influences
- Natural selection of adaptive traits
- Genetic predispositions responding to environment
- Brain mechanisms
- Hormonal influences
Psychological influences
- Learned fears
- Emotional responses
- Cognitive processing and interpretation
Social-cultural influences
- Presences of others
- Expectations
- Influences
- Models (media)
Behavioral perspective
Only cares about behavior that impair our living
Ex: most effective way to alter our weight
Biological perspective
How body and brain enable emotions; how genes combine with environment
Ex: pain messages traveling to hand to brain
Cognitive perspective
How we see the world and how we act happy or sad
Ex: using info to remember
Evolutionary perspective
How inherited behaviors survived though genes
Ex: evolution influencing behavior
Humanistic perspective
How we meet our needs for love; positive
Ex: working towards fulfilling full potential
Psychodynamic perspective
How behavior comes from an unconscious mind
Ex: someone’s personality traits come from childhood traumas
Social-cultural perspective
How behavior and think can vary depending on the situation
Ex: members of a family being alike
Psychology’s levels of analysis
Biological, psychological, and social-cultural
Psychometrics
The study of the measurement of the human abilities
Developmental psychologist
Studying changing abilities from birth to death
Educational psychologist
Study influences on teaching and learning
Personality influences
Exploring how we view and affect others
Clinical psychologist
Asses and treat mental, emotional, and behavior disorders
Human factors psychologist
Explores how people and machines interact
Counseling psychology
Help people cope with challenges and crisis
