Unit 2 Module 6 Flashcards
(21 cards)
Correlation
The measure to which two variables change together and how well one variable predicts the other
Naturalistic observations and surveys show us…
That one trait or behavior is related to another
Correlation coefficient
Relationship between two variables (-1.0 to +1.0)
Scatter plots
A graph of clutter dots, each representing two variables
What does the slope of a scatter plot represent
The direction of the relationship between 2 variables
The ______ the score gets to -1 or +1 the _________ correlation
Closer
Stronger
What does not prove causation
Association
What does correlation indicate
The possibility of a cause-effect relationship but does not prove such
Illusory correlation
A perception of a relationship where none exists
What happens when we notice random coincidences
We may forget that they are random, and easily deceive ourselves by seeing what isn’t there
Experiment
Enable researchers to isolate effects of one or more variables by:
- Manipulating variables of interest
- Holding constant other variables
Experimental group
The group exposed to the treatment
Control group
Group that does receive treatment
Random assignment
Equalizes two groups by Minimizing any preexisting differences between 2 groups
Unlike _____ _____ which uncover naturally occurring relationships, an _____ manipulates a variable to determine its effect
Correlation studies
Experiment
Double blind procedure
Procedure In which both participates and researchers are ignorant about whether the participants received the treatment or placebo effect
Placebo effect
Results caused by expectations
Independent variable
Variable being manipulated
Dependent variable
Measured variable influenced by independent variable
Confounding variable
Any variable besides independent that could influence the results
Validity
The experiment will test what it is suppose to
