Unit 2 Flashcards
(84 cards)
Articles of confederation
1st form of government in America
Strengths of articles of confederation
Declare war and treaties, make national laws with 9/13 states, strong state powers
Weakness of articles of confederation
No taxes, no executive or judicial branches, no army, no single currency, no interstate powers, weak national power
Northwest Ordinance
Creation of states and government for northeast territories
Set criteria for new statehood
60,000 settlers to a territory could create new state
Separation of powers
Creation of 3 brances
Legislative branch
Makes national laws (congress)
The great compromise (legislative branch)
Agreement between small and large stars over representation in congress (house and senate)
Virginia plan (legislative branch)
Proposed representation based on population
-led to House of Representatives
-term 2 years
New Jersey plan
Proposed equal representation per state
-lead to senate
-term 6 years
-100 members vice president breaks ties
3/5 compromise
Agreement between north and south whether slaves count for population in determining house representation
Necessary and proper laws (legislative)
Gives powers to Congress to adopt two times and stretch power overtime (elastic clause)
Federalism
The balance of power between the state and national governments 
National powers
Immigration
Naturalization
Interstate Commerce
War and treaties
Shared powers between nation and state
Borrow money
Criminal justice process
Taxes
State powers
Education
Licenses
Interstate commerce
Executive branch
Enforces national laws
President
Term 4 years
Judicial
Interpret laws
Supreme Court
Checks and balances
Each branch safeguards the powers of the 3 branches
Radification
The process of approving the constitution
Federalists
Pro constitution
Strong central gov
Anti federalist
Anti constitution
Strong state government
Feared the creation of king
Small farmers and landowners shopkeepers and laborers
Who were the3 main anti federalist
Thomas Jefferson, Patrick Hebert and James Winthrop
Who were two federalist
James Madison
Alexander Hamilton
Judiciary Act 1789
Law that created federal court system
Supreme Court- first chief justice was John jay