Unit 2 Flashcards
(68 cards)
1
Q
simple relation between a
specific stimulus and an innate involuntary
response
A
REFLEX
2
Q
response is elicited by a stimulus. _______ are highly stereotypic;
they are remarkably invariant in form, frequency, strength, and time of appearance during development
A
REFLEX
3
Q
Unconditioned or unlearned _______
A
REFLEX
4
Q
mediated by the autonomic nervous system (ANS)
A
REFLEX
5
Q
Patellar _____ (knee-jerk)
A
REFLEX
6
Q
Eye blink ______
A
REFLEX
7
Q
Lachrimal _______
A
REFLEX
8
Q
Pupillary ______
A
reflex
9
Q
respiratory
A
reflex
10
Q
sneeze
A
reflex
11
Q
cough
A
reflex
12
Q
rooting
A
reflex
13
Q
sucking
A
reflex
14
Q
salivation
A
reflex
15
Q
swallow
A
reflex
16
Q
peristalsis
A
reflex
17
Q
Reverse peristalsis
A
reflex
18
Q
temperature
A
reflex
19
Q
sound
A
reflex
20
Q
activation syndrome
A
reflex
21
Q
withdrawal
A
reflex
22
Q
stimulus that elicits an
unconditioned response without
prior learning
A
Unconditioned Stimulus
23
Q
stimuli that relate
to reflexes and Respondent
behavior
A
Unconditioned Stimulus
24
Q
elicited by an
unconditioned stimulus without
prior learning
A
Unconditioned response
25
response part of a reflex
unconditioned response
Unconditioned Stimulus
26
strongly, consistently,
| and reliably evoke
Elicit
27
Only used in respondent relations
Elicit
28
Relatively permanent change in behavior as a result of experience
learning
29
occurs through
| Respondent or Operant processes
learning
30
Reduction in the strength of a reflex response brought about by
repeated exposure to a stimulus that elicits that response
Habituation
31
tendency of a stimulus to elicit a reflex response following the elicitation of that response by a
different stimulus
Sensitization
32
Concurrently presenting two stimuli
pairing
33
* Presenting (onset or magnification)
* Withdrawing (offset or attenuation), or
* Withholding a stimulus
Consequential operations
34
When a stimulus “signals” that a
consequence will occur if a
response is emitted in the
presence of that stimulus
Signaling operations
35
nearness of
| events in time
Contiguity
36
S1–S2 (pairing)
| R–S (consequating)
Temporal contiguity
37
one depends upon the
| Other
Contingency
38
If X and Only If X, Then Y
Contingency
39
* S-S contingencies
* R-S contingencies
* S-R-S
Types of contingencies
40
one event is dependent upon another event
S-S contingency
41
in pairing and
| signaling a stimulus
S-S contingency
42
the event is dependent upon the
| response
R-S Contingency
43
when the consequence never occurs in the absence of a specific
response
R-S Contingency
44
NOT the same as a functional relation
Contingencies
45
Solely under the control of antecedent stimuli
respondent behavior
46
The central cortex is bypassed
respondent behavior
47
involves simple pairing of stimuli
Respondent conditioning
48
Behavior which operates or acts upon the environment
Operant behavior
49
It is emitted or evoked rather than
| Elicited
Operant behavior
50
at least partially
| under the control of consequences
Operant behavior
51
under the control of both antecedents and consequences
Operant behavior
52
```
When a stimulus produces an
immediate and momentary
change in the frequency,
magnitude, or latency of a
response class
```
Behavior altering
53
the change is only temporary
Behavior altering relations
54
antecedent evokes or abates a
| response
Behavior altering relations
55
immediately and momentarily
increase the frequency of that
behavior
Evocative effects
56
immediately and momentarily decrease the frequency of that behavior
Abative effects
57
to strongly, consistently, and reliably evoke
Elicit
58
when an environmental event produces a relatively permanent
alteration in a functional
relation between environment
and behavior
Function Altering Relations
59
effect of the stimulus on a
specific response may be innate,
due to the evolutionary history of
that species
Phylogenic Provenance
60
effect of the stimulus
on a specific response may be
learned, due to the experiential
history of the individual organism in the environment
Ontogenic Provenance
61
relation between a specific
stimulus and an innate
“involuntary” response.
Conditioned Reflex
62
a response is elicited by a stimulus that has been paired with an unconditioned stimulus
Conditioned Reflex
63
A stimulus which has no
| effect on behavior
Neutral Stimulus
64
A stimulus which elicits a conditioned response due to prior learning; that is, due to ontogenic provenance
Conditioned Stimulus
65
A response which is elicited by a
conditioned stimulus due to prior
learning
Conditioned Response
66
process through which a
Conditioned Reflex is weakened
by discontinuing to pair the CS
with the US.
Respondent Extinction
67
repeatedly presenting a CS without the US until the CS no longer elicits the conditioned response
Respondent Extinction
68
sudden reappearance of a
| previously extinguished CR
Respondent Spontaneous
| Recovery
