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BEHP 5000 (FIT BCBA) > Unit 7 > Flashcards

Unit 7 Flashcards

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1
Q

a scientific approach to the study of functional relations between behavior and the environment

A

behavior analysis

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2
Q

assumptions of science

A 
determinism
empiricism 
scientific manipulation (experimentation)
parsimony 
philosophic doubt
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3
Q

all phenomena occur as a result of other events

A

determinism

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4
Q

objective observation with thorough description and quantification of the phenomena of interest

A

empiricism

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5
Q

scientific manipulation (experimentation)

A

events that are thought to affect the phenomena of interest are carefully and systematically manipulated to elucidate their effects.

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6
Q

requires that all, simple, logical explanations for the phenomena of interest be ruled out experimentally before more complex or abstract explanations are considered

A

parsimony

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7
Q

conclusions are derived from scientific manipulation are tentative. they may be modified or discarded when new facts or discoveries come to life

A

philosophic doubt (skepticism)

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8
Q

the philosophy of a science of behavior

A

behaviorism

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9
Q

a philosophical position that considers behavioral events that cannot be publicly observed to be outside the realm of science

A

methodological behaviorism

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10
Q

a thoroughgoing form of behaviorism that attempts to understand all human behavior, including private events such as thoughts and feelings, in terms of controlling variables in the history of the person (ontogeny) and the species (phylogeny)

A

radical behaviorism

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11
Q

a fictitious or hypothetical variable that often takes the form of another name for the observed phenomenon it claims to explain and contributes nothing to a functional account or understanding of the phenomenon

A

explanatory fictions

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12
Q

types of explanatory fictions

A

mentalisms (circular explanations)

teleological explanations

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13
Q

future events, mistakenly, are used to explain behavior

A

teleological explanations

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14
Q

an approach to explain bx that assumes that a mental, or ‘inner,’ dimension exists that differs from a behavioral dimension and that phenomena in this dimension either directly cause or at least mediate some forms of bx, if not all.

A

mentalisms (explanatory fictions)

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15
Q

the science in which tactics derived from the principles of bx are applied systematically to improve socially significant bx and experimentation is used to identify the variables responsible for behavior change

A

ABA

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16
Q

characteristics of ABA (dimensions)

A 
applied
behavioral
analytic
technological
conceptually systematic
effective
generality
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17
Q

investigates socially significant bx with immediate importance to the subjects

A

applied

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18
Q

entails precise measurement of the actual bx in need of improvement and documents that it was the subject’s bx that changed

A

behavioral

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19
Q

demonstrates experimental control over the occurrence and nonoccurrence of the bx – that is, if a functional relation is demonstrated

A

analytic

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20
Q

the written description of all procedures used in the study is sufficiently complete and detailed to enable others to replicate it.

A

technological

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21
Q

behavior change interventions are derived from basic principles of bx

A

conceptually systematic

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22
Q

improves bx sufficiently to produce practical results for the participant/client

A

effective

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23
Q

produces bx changes that last over time, appear in other environments, or spread to other bxs

A

generality

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24
Q

methodologies of EAB

A

direct, repeated measurement of bx
rate of responding as the basic datum
visual inference
within subject comparisons

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25
work with clients who engage in a problem bx and/or who have atypical skill deficits
clinical behavior analysis
26
develop instructional materials and techniques that are used by teachers to provide more effective instruction to students
educational behavior analysis
27
work on staff performance, productivity, reducing absenteeism and turnover, and safety
organizational behavior management (OBM) or | performance management systems (PM)
28
our basic research and experimental methodology
experimental analysis of bx (EAB)
29
the set of assessment and behavioral change procedures validated by ABA researchers
behavioral technology
30
the variable in an experiment measured to determine if it changes as a result of manipulations of the independent variable
dependent variable (DV)
31
the variable that is systematically manipulated by the researcher in an experiment to see whether changes in the independent variable produce reliable changes in the dependent variable.
independent variable IV
32
how behavior is measured
response measure
33
the interval of time in which the dependent variable is observed and measured
recording interval
34
a condition of an experiment in which the IV is not present
baseline
35
a condition of an experiment in which the independent variable is present
intervention
36
Behavior is lawful. The universe is a lawful and orderly place.
determinism
37
All phenomena occur as a result of other events.
determinism
38
behavior is a function of genetics and the environment
determinism
39
bx can be studied scientifically
empiricism
40
Objective observation with thorough description and quantification of the phenomena of interest, behavior, with regard to behavioral dimensions.
empiricism
41
Induction is used to derive scientific facts.
empiricism
42
Events that are thought to affect the phenomena of interest are carefully and systematically manipulated to elucidate their effects.
scientific manipulation
43
All simple, logical explanations for the phenomena of interest be ruled out experimentally before more complex or extract explanations are considered.
parsimony
44
AKA Ocham’s Razor
parsimony
45
Skepticism: Conclusions derived from scientific manipulations are tentative. They may be modified or discarded when new facts or discoveries come to life.
philosophic doubt
46
The philosophy underlying behavior analysis
behaviorism
47
Rejects casual variables such as the “mind, will, and self” and other hypothetical constructs as explanatory fictions
behaviorism
48
Determined by past and current environmental events in concert with genetics and organic variables.
behaviorism
49
Includes verbal behavior, private events, and a utopian view: save the world!
Skinner’s Radical Behaviorism
50
A comprehensive analysis of human behavior based upon contingencies of reinforcement in a person’s life (ontogenic variables) as well as what Natural Selection has chosen for the species (phylogenic variables)
Explanatory fictions
51
Summary labels of behavior such as traits, states, attitudes, and diagnostic categories, are used to explain behavior.
Explanatory fictions
52
Description becomes an explanation. But the supposed cause cannot be observed independently of the behavior it is supposed to explain.
Explanatory fictions
53
Teleological explanations: future events, mistakenly, are used to explain behavior (in order to, trying to get, he will)
Explanatory fictions
54
Provides the scientific method for studying behavior. It uses cumulative records, manipulation of variables & automated recording
Experimental analysis of behavior EAB
55
Direct, repeated measurement of behavior
Four methodologies of EAB
56
Rate of response as the basic datum, instead of number of errors of percent (# of responses/unit of time)
Four methodologies of EAB
57
Visual inference instead of statistical inference (graphing)
Four methodologies of EAB
58
Within subject comparisons instead of group (statistical) designs. Each individual subject acts as their own control
Four methodologies of EAB
59
The design, implementation, and evaluation of environmental modifications to produce socially significant improvements in human behavior
Applied Behavior Analysis
60
Includes the use of direct observation, measurement, and functional analysis of the relations between environment and behavior
ABA
61
Based on the findings of descriptive and functional analysis, ABA uses antecedents & consequences to produce practical change
ABA
62
The characteristic that makes our approach to assessment, intervention, and evaluation unique
7 dimensions of ABA
63
ABA focuses on the implementation of basic principles to change behaviors of social significance to clients (of immediate importance to clients)
Applied
64
ABA focuses on behavior in its own right as a target for change. Bx is directly observed and measured in the real-life environment
Behavioral
65
ABA seeks to identify functional relations between manipulated environmental events and behavior through systematic and controlled manipulations
Analytical
66
In ABA procedures are completely identified and precisely described and defined.
Technological
67
In ABA procedures are linked to and described in terms of the basic principles of behavior
Conceptually Systematic
68
ABA is an accountable discipline and changes in procedure are data-based. We revise our treatment protocols based on our data. If the plan is not effective, we revise it until we get the desired effect
Effective
69
ABA discovers procedures that can be applied effectively to many persons and in many settings
Generality

BEHP 5000 (FIT BCBA) (8 decks)

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