Unit 2: Skeletal

Question 1

What is the shape and location of the Frontal Bone?

Answer 1

Shell shaped bone forming the anterior cranium and the superior orbits.

Question 2

How many Parietal Bones are there and what do they form?

Answer 2

Two large bones forming most of the superior and lateral aspects of the cranium.

Question 3

What do Temporal Bones form?

Answer 3

Bones that form the inferolateral aspects of the skull.

Question 4

What is the function of the external auditory/acoustic meatus?

Answer 4

A passageway that guides sound waves to the tympanic membrane.

Question 5

What is the mandibular fossa?

Answer 5

A depression on the temporal bone where the mandible articulates with the skull.

Question 6

What is the mastoid process?

Answer 6

Enlargement on the skull posterior to the earlobe, site of attachment for muscles that move the skull.

Question 7

What does the Occipital Bone form?

Answer 7

Most of the posterior wall and base of the skull.

Question 8

What passes through the foramen magnum?

Answer 8

The brain stem extends to connect to the spinal cord.

Question 9

What is the function of the occipital condyle?

Answer 9

Articulates with the atlas vertebra allowing the head to move up and down and side to side.

Question 10

What shape is the Sphenoid Bone and why is it significant?

Answer 10

Butterfly shaped bone considered the keystone of the skull because it articulates with all cranial bones.

Question 11

What is the optic foramen?

Answer 11

Round hole in each posterior orbit for the Optic nerve (II).

Question 12

What does the sella turcica protect?

Answer 12

Houses the pituitary gland.

Question 13

Where is the Ethmoid Bone located?

Answer 13

Between the nasal bones and the sphenoid.

Question 14

What is the cribriform plate?

Answer 14

Flat portion of the ethmoid bone where olfactory bulbs lie.

Question 15

What is the crista galli?

Answer 15

Midline projection of the ethmoid bone into the brain case.

Question 16

What is the sagittal suture?

Answer 16

Fibrous joint between the two parietal bones along the midline.

Question 17

What is formed by the squamous suture?

Answer 17

Fibrous joint between the parietal bone and the temporal bone.

Question 18

What connects the parietal bones and the frontal bone?

Answer 18

Coronal suture.

Question 19

What does the lambdoid suture connect?

Answer 19

Fibrous joint between the occipital bone and the parietal bones.

Question 20

What is the Mandible?

Answer 20

The u-shaped lower jawbone.

Question 21

What is the coronoid process?

Answer 21

A projection of the mandible for muscle attachment.

Question 22

What forms the upper jaw?

Answer 22

Maxillae (two fused bones).

Question 23

What do Palatine Bones form?

Answer 23

The posterior portion of the hard palate.

Question 24

What is the function of Lacrimal Bones?

Answer 24

Small bones on the anterior medial wall of the orbits.

Question 25

What does the vomer form?

Answer 25

The inferior part of the nasal septum.

Question 26

What is the function of Inferior Nasal Conchae?

Answer 26

Increase the surface area of the nasal cavity.

Question 27

What do Zygomatic bones form?

Answer 27

The cheeks and the lateral orbits.

Question 28

What is the Zygomatic arch?

Answer 28

Bridge of bone formed by projections of the temporal and zygomatic bones.

Question 29

What do Nasal Bones form?

Answer 29

The bridge of the nose.

Question 30

What is unique about the Hyoid bone?

Answer 30

It is not directly attached to another bone.

Question 31

What is Kyphosis?

Answer 31

Exaggerated thoracic curvature.

Question 32

What is Lordosis?

Answer 32

Exaggerated lumbar curvature.

Question 33

What is Scoliosis?

Answer 33

Abnormal lateral curvature of the vertebral column.

Question 34

What is the Body (centrum) of a vertebra?

Answer 34

Thick, cylindrical part responsible for bearing weight.

Question 35

What is the Vertebral foramen?

Answer 35

Hole formed by the vertebral body and arch for the spinal cord.

Question 36

What is the Spinous process?

Answer 36

Midline, posterior projection for ligament and muscle attachments.

Question 37

What is the Transverse process?

Answer 37

Lateral projections for ligament and muscle attachments.

Question 38

What are Cervical vertebrae?

Answer 38

The smallest, lightest vertebrae found in the neck.

Question 39

What are Transverse foramina?

Answer 39

Openings in cervical vertebrae for vertebral arteries.

Question 40

What is the Atlas?

Answer 40

First cervical vertebra (C1) allowing for lateral skull movement.

Question 41

What is the Axis?

Answer 41

Second cervical vertebra (C2) allowing for 'no' movement of the skull.

Question 42

What do Thoracic vertebrae articulate with?

Answer 42

The ribs.

Question 43

What are Lumbar vertebrae known for?

Answer 43

Large, sturdy vertebrae in the lower back.

Question 44

What does the Sacrum consist of?

Answer 44

Five fused vertebrae forming the posterior wall of the pelvis.

Question 45

What are Sacral foramina?

Answer 45

Openings through which spinal nerves exit the sacrum.

Question 46

What is the Sacral canal?

Answer 46

Continuation of the vertebral canal containing the cauda equina.

Question 47

What is the Sacral hiatus?

Answer 47

Inferior opening of the sacral canal for anesthetic injection.

Question 48

What is the Coccyx?

Answer 48

The 'tailbone' typically comprised of four fused coccygeal vertebrae.

Question 49

What is the Sternum?

Answer 49

The 'breastbone' anchoring the clavicles and most ribs.

Question 50

What is the Manubrium?

Answer 50

The superior bone of the sternum.

Question 51

What is the Body of the sternum?

Answer 51

The main, middle bone of the sternum.

Question 52

What is the Xiphoid process?

Answer 52

The inferior bone of the sternum, anchoring abdominal muscles.

Question 53

What are True ribs?

Answer 53

Seven pairs of ribs that attach directly to the sternum.

Question 54

What are False ribs?

Answer 54

Five pairs of ribs without direct attachment to the sternum.

Question 55

What are floating false ribs?

Answer 55

Ribs 11 and 12 that have no anterior attachment.