Unit 3 Flashcards
all plants are made of cells, all animals are made of cells, new cells come from preexisting cells, made up of cells, cells are basic units of structure and function in living things, and new cells are produced from existing cells
cell theory
what scientists contributed to the cell theory
schleiden, schwaan and virchow
basic unit of life
cell
control center
nucleus
long strand of DNA, looks granular
chromatin
condensed strands of DNA
chromosomes
a small dense region where ribosomes are made
nucleolus
small particles of RNA and protein, no membrane, make proteins, in cytoplasm or on RER
ribosomes
no ribosomes, processes lipids and carbs, regulates calcium levels, breaks down toxins
SER
ribosomes, processes proteins for export, intracellular transport
RER
the “post office”, processes, packages, and secretes materials from ER for storage or secretion
Golgi Apparatus
flattened sacs of membranes (one)
cisternae
a group of cisternae
vesicle
contains enzymes, digest unwanted substances, breaks down old organelles
lysosomes
powerhouse of the cell, large organelles, double membrane, own DNA, site of cellular respiration
mitochondria
inner membrane has folds in mitochondria
cristae
maintains shape of cell, helps organelles to move within cell, helps cell move, two types
cytoskeleton
twisted chains of protein called actin, contract causing cell to move
microfilaments
hollow tubes made of protein
tubulin
contains tubulin, provides tracks to help organelles move, helps chromosomes move in cell division
microtubules
a pair of microtubules, tublin, help during cell division, not found in plant cells
centriole
“gatekeeper”, selectively permeable, thin layer of phosphates, lipids, and proteins
cell membrane
hydrophilic (polar), phosphate head, hydrophobic (non polar), lipid tail
phospholipid bilayer
large in plant cells, store water, proteins, or wastes, may be in animal cells, but smaller
vacuole
