Unit 3

Question 1

all plants are made of cells, all animals are made of cells, new cells come from preexisting cells, made up of cells, cells are basic units of structure and function in living things, and new cells are produced from existing cells

Answer 1

cell theory

Question 2

what scientists contributed to the cell theory

Answer 2

schleiden, schwaan and virchow

Question 3

basic unit of life

Answer 3

cell

Question 4

control center

Answer 4

nucleus

Question 5

long strand of DNA, looks granular

Answer 5

chromatin

Question 6

condensed strands of DNA

Answer 6

chromosomes

Question 7

a small dense region where ribosomes are made

Answer 7

nucleolus

Question 8

small particles of RNA and protein, no membrane, make proteins, in cytoplasm or on RER

Answer 8

ribosomes

Question 9

no ribosomes, processes lipids and carbs, regulates calcium levels, breaks down toxins

Answer 9

SER

Question 10

ribosomes, processes proteins for export, intracellular transport

Answer 10

RER

Question 11

the “post office”, processes, packages, and secretes materials from ER for storage or secretion

Answer 11

Golgi Apparatus

Question 12

flattened sacs of membranes (one)

Answer 12

cisternae

Question 13

a group of cisternae

Answer 13

vesicle

Question 14

contains enzymes, digest unwanted substances, breaks down old organelles

Answer 14

lysosomes

Question 15

powerhouse of the cell, large organelles, double membrane, own DNA, site of cellular respiration

Answer 15

mitochondria

Question 16

inner membrane has folds in mitochondria

Answer 16

cristae

Question 17

maintains shape of cell, helps organelles to move within cell, helps cell move, two types

Answer 17

cytoskeleton

Question 18

twisted chains of protein called actin, contract causing cell to move

Answer 18

microfilaments

Question 19

hollow tubes made of protein

Answer 19

tubulin

Question 20

contains tubulin, provides tracks to help organelles move, helps chromosomes move in cell division

Answer 20

microtubules

Question 21

a pair of microtubules, tublin, help during cell division, not found in plant cells

Answer 21

centriole

Question 22

“gatekeeper”, selectively permeable, thin layer of phosphates, lipids, and proteins

Answer 22

cell membrane

Question 23

hydrophilic (polar), phosphate head, hydrophobic (non polar), lipid tail

Answer 23

phospholipid bilayer

Question 24

large in plant cells, store water, proteins, or wastes, may be in animal cells, but smaller

Answer 24

vacuole

Question 25

plants only, converts sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water into sugar and oxygen, green due to chlorophyll

Answer 25

chloroplast

Question 26

flattened sacs containing chlorophyll

Answer 26

thylakoids

Question 27

found in plants, fungi, and bacteria, provides support and protection, fungi-chitlin, bacteria-peptidoglycan, plants-cellulose, not in animal cells

Answer 27

cell wall

Question 28

no nucleus, no membrane bound organelles

Answer 28

prokaryotes

Question 29

nucleus, membrane bound organelles

Answer 29

eukaryotes

Question 30

movement of a material from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Answer 30

diffusion