Unit 5

Question 0

A pair of chromosomes bearin similar sets of genes, genes coding for the same trait will be at identical locations but may code for different forms of the trait, each chromosome is reffered to as a homologue

Answer 0

Homologous pair

Question 1

A filamentous structure in the nucleus of the cell composed of DNA and protein, genes are located along the DNA

Answer 1

Chromosome

Question 2

A region of a chromosome that can be identified as having a role in the development of a trait, the sequence of nucleotides in a DNA molecule that codes for the synthesis of a protein of RNA, the location of a gene on a chromosome is its “locus”

Answer 2

Gene

Question 3

One of the various forms of a gene at a particular locus on a chromosome, widows peak and straight are two alleles of the gene for type of hairline, a stigmatism and normal are two alleles for a gene that controls vision

Answer 3

Allele

Question 4

The allele that masks the expression of other alleles, the dominant allele is represented by an uppercase letter, the allele that is expressed, if present, astigmatism is dominant over normal vision

Answer 4

Dominant allele

Question 5

The allele that can have its expression masked by the expression of the dominant allele, represented by a lower case letter, normal vision is recessive to astigmatism

Answer 5

Recessive allele

Question 6

Having a pair of identical alleles

Answer 6

Homozygous

Question 7

Having two different alleles

Answer 7

Heterozygous

Question 8

The genetic makeup of an individual

Answer 8

Genotype

Question 9

The manifestation of a trait having an astigmatism

Answer 9

Phenotype

Question 10

Parental generation

Answer 10

P

Question 11

First, second, filial generation

Answer 11

F1, F2

Question 12

A grid used to show all of the possible genotypes of the offspring and to determine the probable phenotypic ratios

Answer 12

Punnet square