Unit 3 & 5 Exam Flashcards by Abby Barajas

Dendrites

Receives info

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Axon fibers

Passes message

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Myelin sheath

Fatty tissue that speeds up impulses

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action potential

Electric charge that travels down the axon

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Acetylcholine
Undersupply:

Muscle action, learning, and memory

Alzheimer’s

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Dopamine
Oversupply:
Undersupply

Movement, learning, attention, emotion

Schizophrenia

Tremors

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Serotonin
Undersupply:

Mood, hunger, sleep, and arousal

Depression

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Norepinephrine
Undersupply:

Controls alertness and arousal

Depresses mood

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GABA
Undersupply:

Major inhibitory neurotransmitter

Seizures, tremors, and insomnia

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Glutamate
Oversupply:

excitatiory; memory

Over simulation the brain. Migraines/seizures

Reason ppl avoid eating glutamate foods

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Angonist

Stimulates response

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Antagonists

Blocks response

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Multiple sclerosis

Muscles slow and loss of control in them

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Phrenology

bumps on the skull can predict someone’s mental ability and traits

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Exacitatory

Pushing neuron’s accelerator

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Inhibitory

Pushing neuron’s brake

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Resting potential

Positive outside/negative inside

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Endorphins

Self-producing morphin

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Central nervous system

body’s decision maker
Brain and spinal cord

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Peripheral nervous system

gathers information

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Sensory neurons

carry messages

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Motor neurons

carry instructions

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Nervous system has the two systems of

Which one has other systems in it?

peripheral and central NS

Peripheral

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Peripheral NS has the two systems of

What does each do?

Which one has other systems?

Autonomic (involuntary movements) and Somatic (Voluntary movements)

Autonomic

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Autonomic has the two systems of What does each do?

Sympathetic (arousing) and Parasympathetic (calming)

Endocrine system releases:

Hormones

Hypothalamus

Controls pituitary gland

Pituitary gland

Growth hormones; Oxycontin Associated with birthing and social trust

Thyroid gland

Metabolism

Parathyroids

level of calcium in blood

Adrenal glands Releases:

adrenaline (fight or flight) Epinephrine and norepinephrine

Pancreas

Sugar in blood

Testis/Ovaries

Sex hormones

interneurons

intervene between sensory and motor neurons (processes message)

EEG

Shower cap that reads electric waves across surface of brain helps identify the cause of certain symptoms

x-rays to see brain damage visualize nearly all parts of the body

PET

Tracks radioactive fluid through the body to evaluate organs and/or tissues for the presence of disease or other conditions

MRI

Shows brain anatomy(soft tissues) with magnetic fields and radio waves to diagnose a variety of conditions, from torn ligaments to tumors.

fMRI

Active MRI that shows what happens when certain activities take place which parts of the brain are active during activities

Medulla

Controls heartbeat and breathing

Pons

Movement coordination

Thalamus

Receives info about sense except smell an sends it to the higher brain

Reticular formation

Important part in controlling arousal

Cerebellum

Little brain Nonverbal learning and memory

Limbic system

amygdala, hypothalamus, hippocampus

amygdala

Linked to aggression and fear

Hypothalamus

hunger/thirst, body temp, and sexual beh

Hippocampus

memory

Cerebral cortex

ultimate control and information processing center

Glial cells

protect, support, nourish neurons

Frontal lobe

Speaking, muscle movement and making plans and judgment (behind forehead)

Parietal lobe

Recieves sensory input for touch and body position (top and rear)

Occipital lobe

Visual (back of head)

temporal lobe

auditory areas (above ears)

motor cortex

voluntary movements

Somatosensroy cortex

Processes body touch and movement sensations

Association areas

learning, remembering, thinking, and speaking

Left hemisphere

Speeking, calculating, language

Right hemisphere

inferences, sense of self, perceptual tasks

DNA

a lot of human genomes are similar (basically everyone is kinda of an identical twin)

Twin's placenta

One might be more nourished

Epigenetics

influences on gene expression that happen without DNA changing

Gene-environment interaction

Genetics and environment both interact to get a result (someone with genetic diabetes is also contributin to it because of the food they eat)

Posthypnotic suggestions

hypnosis suggestion that should continue even after the session is over.

Alpha waves

slow small waves

delta waves

slow large waves

Circadian rhythm

internal clock

NREM-1

images resembling hallucinations

NREM-2

Sleep spindles

REM-3

deep sleep kids may wet bed

suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)

Controls circadian rhythm Melatonin Pineal gland!

Depressants

Alcohol, Barbiturates (trnaquilizers), opiates

Stimulants

Nicotine, cocaine, methamphetamine, ecstasy,

Hallucinogens

LSD, marijuana,

Unit 3 & 5 Exam Flashcards

(74 cards)