Unit 3: Cells and Viruses

Question 1

__________ cells have a nucleus

Answer 1

Eukaryotic

Question 2

__________ cells have no nucleus

Answer 2

Prokaryotic

Question 3

DNA from a(n) __________ cell is spooled around proteins and tightly coiled for storage

Answer 3

Eukaryotic

Question 4

DNA from a(n) __________ cell is not packaged with proteins or tightly coiled

Answer 4

Prokaryotic

Question 5

DNA from a(n) __________ cell is linear

Answer 5

Eukaryotic

Question 6

DNA from a(n) __________ cell is circular

Answer 6

Prokaryotic

Question 7

Plant cells are more __________ shaped

Answer 7

Square

Question 8

Animal cells are more __________ shaped

Answer 8

Round

Question 9

Bacteria cells are more __________ shaped

Answer 9

Twinkie

Question 10

Cytoplasm

Answer 10

The water-based gel that fills the cell

Question 11

Many biochemical reactions happen in the __________ of a cell

Answer 11

Cytoplasm

Question 12

Cytoskeleton

Answer 12

The network of protein fibers that
provides structural support for cells

Question 13

Means of transportation of packages within a cell (like the “roads”)

Answer 13

Cytoskeleton

Question 14

Plasma membrane

Answer 14

The boundary of the cell

Question 15

Controls movement of substances in and out of the cell

Answer 15

Plasma membrane

Question 16

Cell wall

Answer 16

Provides extra structure and support
(in plant and bacteria cells ONLY)

Question 17

Ribosomes

Answer 17

Make proteins by reading genetic code

Question 18

Can be floating in cytoplasm (all cells) and stuck to the ER (eukaryotes only)

Answer 18

Ribosomes

Question 19

Stick to the rough ER and inject proteins into it, where the proteins are completed

Answer 19

Ribosomes

Question 20

Rough ER

Answer 20

Covered with ribosomes

Question 21

Smooth ER

Answer 21

Makes lipids

Question 22

Chromatin (NOT an organelle but still useful to know)

Answer 22

Coiled, packed DNA (exists ONLY in eukaryotes)

Question 23

Mitochondria

Answer 23

Produce ATP from glucose through cellular respiration

Question 24

Chloroplasts

Answer 24

Produce glucose via photosynthesis

Question 25

Vacuole

Answer 25

Cell storage (holds water, nutrients, waste, etc.)

Question 26

A single large, central __________ keeps PLANT cells rigid

Answer 26

Vacuole (usually small and numerous in animal cells)

Question 27

Lysosomes

Answer 27

Small membrane sacs that contain enzymes to break down food and waste

Question 28

Golgi apparatus

Answer 28

Receives, packages, and ships cell products like proteins

Question 29

Flagella

Answer 29

Long and few; used for swimming

Question 30

Cilia

Answer 30

Short and numerous; used for swimming and producing tiny currents

Question 31

Centrioles

Answer 31

Aid in cell division in animal cells

Question 32

Tiny, non-living particles that infect living cells

Answer 32

Viruses

Question 33

Attach to cells and fool them into accepting the virus

Answer 33

Glycoproteins

Question 34

Once it enters the cell, viral DNA or RNA is __________ many times by the cell

Answer 34

Copied

Question 35

Once the cell is fooled into reading the viral instructions, it builds new __________

Answer 35

Viruses

Question 36

Copied viruses bursting out of a cell often cause __________, which is when a cell bursts

Answer 36

Lysis