Unit 5: Bioenergetics

Question 1

Glycolysis occurs in the __________

Answer 1

Cytoplasm

Question 2

Glycolysis results in the splitting of a single __________ molecule into two __________ molecules

Answer 2

Glucose; pyruvate

Question 3

Glycolysis produces ___ ATP

Answer 3

2

Question 4

In glycolysis, hydrogens are used to form __________ from __________

Answer 4

NAHD; NAD+

Question 5

The Krebs cycle happens in
[aerobic respiration/anaerobic respiration/photosynthesis]

Answer 5

Aerobic respiration

Question 6

After glycolysis but before entering the Krebs cycle, each __________ molecule (3 carbons) is converted to __________
(2 carbons), producing more __________
(and __________ waste)

Answer 6

Pyruvate, acetyl-CoA, NADH, CO2

Question 7

The Krebs cycle produces more __________
waste, more __________, and another hydrogen carrier called __________

Answer 7

CO2, NADH, FADH2

Question 8

During and just before the Krebs cycle, 3 molecules of __________ are released for each pyruvate…

Answer 8

CO2

Question 9

During the Electron Transport Chain, electrons carried by __________ and __________ are used to power the pumping of __________ ions across the inner __________ membrane

Answer 9

NADH; FADH2; hydrogen; mitochondrial

Question 10

During the ETC, the pumping of hydrogen ions creates a concentration gradient of __________

Answer 10

H+

Question 11

During the ETC, H+ diffuses back into the inner mitochondrion, powering ATP synthase, creating about ___ ATP per original glucose

Answer 11

34

Question 12

In the ETC, __________ accepts electrons once they’ve been used, preventing the system from backing up- it is then converted to H2O and released

Answer 12

Oxygen

Question 13

A single glucose molecule can create up to ___ ATP

Answer 13

38

Question 14

Anaerobic respiration produces much [more/less] ATP than aerobic

Answer 14

Less

Question 15

In anaerobic respiration (AKA fermentation), cells produce just ___ ATP and [do/do not] use oxygen

Answer 15

2; do not

Question 16

The production of alcohol and lactic acid are both examples of __________ respiration

Answer 16

Anaerobic

Question 17

Anaerobic or aerobic respiration? —->
Uses mitochondria

Answer 17

Aerobic

Question 18

Anaerobic or aerobic respiration? —->
No mitochondria required

Answer 18

Anaerobic

Question 19

Anaerobic or aerobic respiration? —>
Oxygen required

Answer 19

Aerobic

Question 20

Anaerobic or aerobic respiration? —>
No oxygen needed

Answer 20

Anaerobic

Question 21

Anaerobic or aerobic respiration? —>
Produces only 2 ATP from start to finish

Answer 21

Anaerobic

Question 22

Anaerobic or aerobic respiration? —>
Produces up to 38 ATP

Answer 22

Aerobic

Question 23

Anaerobic or aerobic respiration? —>
Major respiration pathway in eukaryotes

Answer 23

Aerobic

Question 24

Anaerobic or aerobic respiration? —>
Requires 3 major steps

Answer 24

Aerobic

Question 25

Anaerobic or aerobic respiration? ---> Only the first of three major respiratory steps occurs

Answer 25

Anaerobic

Question 26

Anaerobic or aerobic respiration? ---> Major respiration pathway in prokaryotes

Answer 26

Anaerobic

Question 27

Anaerobic or aerobic respiration? ---> Responsible for bread dough rising

Answer 27

Anaerobic

Question 28

Anaerobic or aerobic respiration? ---> Releases H2O and CO2 as waste

Answer 28

Aerobic

Question 29

Anaerobic or aerobic respiration? ---> Releases ethanol and CO2 or lactic acid as waste

Answer 29

Anaerobic

Question 30

Anaerobic or aerobic respiration? ---> Transfers chemical energy in glucose to chemical energy in ATP

Answer 30

Both

Question 31

Original source of energy in aerobic cellular respiration

Answer 31

Glucose

Question 32

Glycolysis occurs in the __________

Answer 32

Cytoplasm

Question 33

The Krebs cycle occurs in the __________

Answer 33

Mitochondria

Question 34

__________ must be formed from pyruvate before entering the Krebs cycle?

Answer 34

Acetyl-CoA

Question 35

The Krebs cycle creates __________ and __________ and releases __________

Answer 35

NADH; FADH2; CO2

Question 36

In photosynthesis, __________ energy is converted into __________ energy

Answer 36

Light; chemical

Question 37

Photosynthesis takes place in the

Answer 37

Chloroplasts

Question 38

CO2 + H2O ----> Glucose + O2 + ATP

Answer 38

Photosynthesis

Question 39

Glucose + O2 → CO2 + H2O + ATP

Answer 39

Aerobic respiration

Question 40

Thylakoids

Answer 40

Tiny membrane disks in each chloroplast

Question 41

Chlorophyll

Answer 41

Photosynthetic pigment inside thylakoids' membranes

Question 42

In the Calvin cycle, __________ and __________ from the light reactions are used to power the production of stable, carbon-based energy storage molecules (like glucose)

Answer 42

ATP; NADPH

Question 43

In the Calvin cycle, __________ enters the cycle and is converted to a compound called __________

Answer 43

CO2; G3P

Question 44

G3P molecules exit the cycle and can be directly converted to __________ or other similar sugars

Answer 44

Glucose