Unit 3 - India Flashcards
Yoga was originally developed as a discipline in Hinduism?
Yes
Did Alexander the Great cause the collapse of the Gupta Empire?
No
Where is Zen Buddhism popular?
Japan
Identify and explain the historical significance of Reincarnation. - - How did it affect Dharma and karma?
~Rebirth of a soul in another form.
~Series of lives continue until moksha is achieved.
~Dharma (duty) and karma (consequences) are the 2 main factors. If they fulfilled their dharma they received good karma which meant reincarnated into a higher caste
~Influenced the social structure in India.
What are religious myths written in Sanskrit by the Aryans?
Vedas
Why did the Harappan civilization decline around 1700 BC?
The Indus River gradually changed its course
This group enjoyed the highest level of respect in the caste system.
Brahmins
Identify and explain the historical significance of the 4 Noble truths?
~Life involves suffering and sorrow
~Suffering is caused by the pursuit of pleasure
~Forsaking desire frees people from suffering
~Eightfold path leads to nirvana
Identify and explain the historical significances of the Gupta Empire.
~Weak empire was established about 500 years after the end of the Mauryan Empire
~Unity was briefly restored in northern India
~Collapse was caused by invading Huns
Discuss the development of Buddhism. How is this religion both similar and different from Hinduism? How do Buddhists view the world? Which regions and groups of people have embraced Buddhism?
~Siddhartha Gautama found enlightenment while meditating under a tree (Buddha)
~Buddhism and Hinduism both believe in reincarnation and a peaceful escape from the physical world
~Buddhism does not recognize Hindu gods or the caste system
~Four Noble truths emphasize the painful nature of life and the pursuit of nirvana
~Buddhism became popular among women and the poor in eastern India, China, Ceylon, and Japan.
What is the title which means “Enlightened One.”
Buddha
What are the 2 largest cities in the Harappa civilization?
Harappa
Mohenjodaro
What empire united the small kingdoms in northern India for the first time?
Maura new Empire
Describe the Aryans and the civilization that they established in northern India. Discuss their religion, settlement patterns, and government. Why are the Aryans significant in the history of India?
~Nomadic Aryans entered India through the Khyber Pass
~Aryans believed in many natural gods and recorded their religious myths in the Vedas
~Brahmins preserved the Vedas and performed sacrificial rituals
~Aryans first settled in small villages which eventually became city-states
~Each city-state was ruled by a raja
~Development of Hinduism
What group was excluded from the caste system?
Pariahs
Are the Himalayas the highest mountain range in the world?
YES
Who is the most important Buddhist leader in Tibet?
Dalai Lama
Do Hindus believe that moksha cannot be achieved in one lifetime?
Yes
Name the pass providing access to India through the Hindu Kush Mountains.
Khyber Pass
Did Asoka turn away from warfare when he converted to Buddhism?
YES
Are Clay trade seals the only remnants of Harappan writing?
Yes
What is the river sacred in Hinduism?
Ganges River
Name the empire that united the small kingdoms in northern India for the first time.
Mauryan Empire
Did Aryans frequently offer human sacrifices to their gods?
No
