Unit 3 - Key Area 1 (Food) Flashcards
(23 cards)
Change in technology to increase global food production involving use of chemicals by farmers including pesticides and fertilisers.
Agrochemicals
Occurs when too many nutrients (nitrates and phosphates) enter the water allowing more algae to grow.
Algal bloom
The farming of aquatic animals and plants in fresh, brackish or marine water environments under controlled environments. This may involve use of high density cages, pesticide use, selective breeding, GM and hormone use.
Aquaculture
When a pollutant is stored in an organisms tissues at a faster rate than it can be metabolised.
Bioaccumulation
This increases when the number of bacteria in water increases as a result of organic waste.
Biological oxygen demand (BOD)
When the level of a pollutant gets higher at each trophic level.
Biomagnification
A method used in intensive agriculture to increase crop yields involving changing the crop grown in an area regularly.
Crop rotation
When farmers change their farming practices to include non-farm related activities to help increase their income.
Diversification
The process of nutrient enrichment of water caused by increased levels of nitrates and phosphates.
Eutrophication
Change in technology to increase global food production involving the production of new species using genetic engineering.
Genetic modification (GM)
Change in technology to increase global food production involving growing crops that produce high yields.
High yield varieties
Change in technology to increase global food production involving growing plants in mineral nutrient solutions rather than soil.
Hydroponics
Strategy to increase global food production involving increased field size, crop rotation, drainage, hedgerow removal, cultivation of marginal land, conservation practices and diversification.
Intensive agriculture
Land around the edges of cultivated land which may be less suitable for farming.
Marginal land
Change in technology to increase global food production involving use of more machinery in agriculture.
Mechanisation
The process of metabolism which is the total reactions that take place in a living thing.
Metabolisation
Adding more nutrients.
Nutrient enrichment
Compound that is resistant to environmental degradation. E.g. pesticides.
Persistent organic pollutants (POP’s)
A waste material that can cause harm to the environment.
Pollutant
Change in technology to increase global food production involving changing species by deliberately selecting individuals who have desirable characteristics. E.g. Breeding cows for increased milk production.
Selective breeding
Things can keep going and be used in the future.
Sustainability
Sustainable development aims to improve standards of living and quality of life without wasting resources or harming the environment.
Sustainable development
An energy level or stage in a food chain/web.
Trophic level
