Unit 3 Vocab

Question 1

cell

Answer 1

Smallest living thing

Question 2

tissue

Answer 2

Cells of same type work together to perform specific functions

Question 3

organ

Answer 3

Groups of tissues work together to form..

Question 4

organ system

Answer 4

Organs come together to form….

Question 5

organism

Answer 5

Sum of all cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems form an…

Question 6

eukaryote

Answer 6

A cell with nucleus and organelles (ex: plants and animals)

Question 6

organelle

Answer 6

A smaller part of a cell, that each has a special function

Question 7

prokaryote

Answer 7

A cell with no nucleus or organelles (ex: bacteria)

Question 8

plasmid

Answer 8

a small, circular DNA molecule

Question 9

primitive

Answer 9

Older

Question 10

modern

Answer 10

Younger

Question 11

bacteria

Answer 11

A large group of single-cell microorganisms

Question 12

chromosome

Answer 12

A combination of DNA and proteins in the cell nucleus

Question 13

mitochondria

Answer 13

Where cellular respiration occurs…surface area is important..the more space the more oxygen

Question 14

nucleus

Answer 14

Brains of the cell, where DNA is found, has instructions for making protein

Question 15

vacuole

Answer 15

Storage unit, large in plant/small in animal

Question 16

chloroplast

Answer 16

Where photosynthesis takes place

Question 17

cell wall

Answer 17

Gives structure and support contains cellulose

Question 18

cell membrane

Answer 18

Regulation, controls what enters and leaves

Question 19

ribosome

Answer 19

Where proteins are made

Question 20

phospholipid bilayer

Answer 20

2 layers of lipids that make a flexible barrier

Question 21

centriole

Answer 21

Helps with cell division (only in animal cells)

Question 22

multicellular

Answer 22

More than one cell

Question 22

spindle fibers

Answer 22

a network of filaments that are formed during the cell division process

Question 23

unicellular

Answer 23

One cell

Question 24

turgor pressure

Answer 24

the force within the cell that pushes the plasma membrane against the cell wall

Question 25

specialization

Answer 25

Each cell in an organism has a special job

Question 26

stem cells

Answer 26

A blank cell that doesn’t have a job yet

Question 27

hemoglobin

Answer 27

A protein inside red blood cells that binds to the oxygen molecules

Question 27

muscle cell

Answer 27

Have more mitochondria than others to make more energy

Question 28

phloem

Answer 28

Transport food throughout the plant

Question 29

xylem

Answer 29

Transport water from the roots to the leaves (plants w/ vascular tissue)

Question 30

guard cells

Answer 30

Acts like mouths to open and close, letting gases in and out of the leaves (CO2 in, O2 out)

Question 31

hormone

Answer 31

Only work for cells with the right receptor proteins, travels slowly, in plants & animals, shape matters

Question 32

stomata

Answer 32

Acts like mouths to open and close, letting gases in and out of the leaves (CO2 in, O2 out)

Question 33

protein receptor

Answer 33

A molecule on the surface of a cell that binds to a specific substance and causes a specific effect in the cell

Question 34

nervous system

Answer 34

a complex network of nerves and cells that carry messages to and from the brain and spinal cord to various parts of the body

Question 34

neuron

Answer 34

In nervous system, in animals only, travels quickly, send out molecules called neurotransmitters

Question 35

solution

Answer 35

A mixture of 2 or more substances

Question 36

solvent

Answer 36

What dissolves substances

Question 37

homeostasis

Answer 37

Maintain a constant internal balance

Question 38

solute

Answer 38

What dissolves in the solution

Question 39

equilibrium

Answer 39

Same number of molecules on both sides

Question 40

hydrophobic

Answer 40

a property of molecules that do not mix with water

Question 41

hydrophilic

Answer 41

molecules that can interact with water

Question 42

concentration gradient

Answer 42

Particles move in response to a..

Question 43

passive transport

Answer 43

Uses no energy and moved molecules from high to low

Question 44

semi-permeable

Answer 44

Only lets some things move through

Question 45

active transport

Answer 45

Uses energy and a protein to move molecules from low to high

Question 46

osmosis

Answer 46

Water

Question 46

facilitated diffusion

Answer 46

High to low, particles, no atp, protein needed

Question 47

simple diffusion

Answer 47

High to low, particles, no atp, no protein

Question 48

ATP

Answer 48

Source of energy use for use and storage at the cellular level

Question 49

protein channel

Answer 49

Large protein opening in cell membrane for large molecules

Question 50

protein pump

Answer 50

Protein needed in active transport

Question 51

sodium/potassium pump

Answer 51

Powered by ATP, the pump moves sodium and potassium ions in opposite directions, each against its concentration gradient