Units 1 & 2

Question 1

organic molecule

Answer 1

They make up living things…contain multiple carbon and hydrogen atoms. Ex: glucose, fats, protein, DNA

Question 2

monosaccharide

Answer 2

monomers of carbohydrates that are simple sugars EX: glucose, fructose, and galactose

Question 3

polysaccharide

Answer 3

monosaccharides bond together to form polymers called.. EX: glycogen, starch, cellulose, and chitin

Question 4

monomer

Answer 4

smaller units to form polymer

Question 5

polymer

Answer 5

monomers bond together to form larger molecules

Question 6

subunit

Answer 6

what its made of

Question 7

carbohydrate

Answer 7

quick energy; made by producers using photosynthesis

Question 8

simple carbohydrate

Answer 8

super fast energy, fruit/candy, test benedicts, monomer-glucose

Question 9

complex carbohydrate

Answer 9

not as fast, pasta/bread, test iodine, monomer-glucose, eat before long events that take a lot of energy

Question 10

lipid

Answer 10

stored energy, support, insulation, make up the cell membrane

Question 11

insulation

Question 12

iodine test

Answer 12

complex carbs—starch

Question 13

benedicts test

Answer 13

simple carbs—-sugars

Question 14

glycogen

Answer 14

storage of carbohydrates in animals (muscles and liver)

Question 15

cellulose

Answer 15

cell walls of plant cells; support

Question 16

glucose

Answer 16

quick energy; simple sugar

Question 17

protein

Answer 17

build & repair body tissue, control reactions enzymes, fight diseases (antibodies), send messages (hormones), maintain homeostasis= regulate the body SHAPE OF PROTEIN DETERMINES ITS JOB

Question 18

amino acid

Answer 18

subunit of protein

Question 19

biurets test

Answer 19

test for protein

Question 20

nucleic acid

Answer 20

control genetic information, make proteins to make traits, found in nucleus EX: RNA & DNA

Question 21

nucleotide

Answer 21

subunit of nucleic acid

Question 22

enzyme

Answer 22

ENDS IN -ASE, made from amino acids, the way the protein folds determines the enzymes job SHAPE MATTERS

Question 23

catalyst

Answer 23

speed up reactions by lowering the activation energy

Question 24

optimum

Answer 24

best environment for enzyme

Question 25

denature

Answer 25

change shape; no longer works

Question 26

substrate

Answer 26

they live or bind with enzymes that perfectly fit together

Question 27

active site

Answer 27

where the substrate binds to the enzyme

Question 28

reactant

Answer 28

substances that partake in a chemical reaction

Question 29

product

Answer 29

end substances after a chemical reaction has occurred

Question 30

independent variable

Answer 30

factor that differs between your experimental and control groups. its what you manipulate

Question 31

dependent variable

Answer 31

factor that you measure that depends on the independent variable. any data that you take is your dependent variable

Question 32

control

Answer 32

no changes are made and provides an important check on the results and gives the experimenter something to compare results too

Question 33

pH

Answer 33

STANDS FOR: POTENTIAL OF HYDROGEN .....a measurement of the acidity or alkalinity of a water base liquid compound

Question 34

neutral

Answer 34

have a pH of acidic or basic; equal # of OH- and H+ present; 7 is neutral

Question 35

acid

Answer 35

substances that break apart in water to form a hydrogen ion EX: tea, vinegar, citrus fruit

Question 36

base

Answer 36

substances that break apart in water to form a hydroxide ion EX: baking soda, bleach, soap

Question 37

ion

Answer 37

atom or group of atoms that has an electric charge

Question 38

cation

Answer 38

an ion with positive charge

Question 39

anion

Answer 39

with negative charge, meaning it has more electrons with proteins