Unit 3 Vocab

Question 1

Chemical messengers released by glands to regulate bodily functions.

Answer 1

Hormones

Question 2

Drugs that cause perceptual distortions.

Answer 2

Hallucinogens

Question 2

Hormone involved in social bonding and childbirth.

Answer 2

Oxytocin

Question 3

Promotes rest and digestion.

Answer 3

Parasympathetic Nervous System

Question 4

Process of sending signals between neurons.

Answer 4

Neural Transmission

Question 5

Controls involuntary bodily functions.

Answer 5

ANS (Autonomic Nervous System)

Question 6

The symptoms experienced when stopping or reducing drug use.

Answer 6

Withdrawal

Question 7

Neurotransmitter involved in reward, motivation, and motor control.

Answer 7

Dopamine

Question 8

Pathway for reflex actions.

Answer 8

Reflex Arc

Question 9

Electrical charge across the neuron membrane when not firing.

Answer 9

Resting Potential

Question 10

Transmit sensory information to the CNS.

Answer 10

Sensory Neurons

Question 11

Chemicals that prevent neurons from firing.

Answer 11

Inhibitory Neurotransmitters

Question 12

Electrical impulse traveling down a neuron.

Answer 12

Action Potential

Question 13

Connect neurons within the CNS.

Answer 13

Interneurons

Question 13

Time after an action potential when a neuron can’t fire again.

Answer 13

Refractory Period

Question 14

Activates fight-or-flight response.

Answer 14

Sympathetic Nervous System

Question 14

Drugs that decrease neural activity and slow body functions.

Answer 14

Depressants

Question 15

Genetic and biological factors influencing development.

Answer 15

Nature

Question 15

Hormone that stimulates appetite.

Answer 15

Ghrelin

Question 16

Process where traits that enhance survival are passed on.

Answer 16

Natural Selection

Question 17

Increased likelihood of developing a condition based on genetics.

Answer 17

Genetic Predisposition

Question 18

Neurotransmitter involved in muscle action, learning, and memory.

Answer 18

Acetylcholine

Question 19

Drugs that mimic or enhance neurotransmitter effects.

Answer 19

Agonists

Question 20

Neurotransmitters that act as natural painkillers and mood enhancers.

Answer 20

Endorphins

Question 21

Disease where the immune system attacks the myelin sheath of neurons.

Answer 21

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 22

Neurotransmitter involved in arousal and alertness.

Answer 22

Norepinephrine

Question 22

Controls voluntary movements.

Answer 22

Somatic Nervous System

Question 23

Support and protect neurons.

Answer 23

Glial Cells

Question 24

A stimulant that increases alertness.

Answer 24

Caffeine

Question 24

A depressant that affects motor skills and judgment.

Answer 24

Alcohol

Question 25

Drugs that block or reduce neurotransmitter effects.

Answer 25

Antagonists

Question 25

Drugs that block the reabsorption of neurotransmitters.

Answer 25

Reuptake Inhibitors

Question 26

Neurotransmitter affecting mood, sleep, and appetite.

Answer 26

Serotonin

Question 26

Research comparing adopted children to their biological and adoptive parents.

Answer 26

Adoption Studies

Question 27

Brain and spinal cord.

Answer 27

CNS (Central Nervous System)

Question 28

Are drugs that increase neural activity and energy.

Answer 28

Stimulants

Question 28

Hormone that prepares the body for fight-or-flight response.

Answer 28

Adrenaline

Question 29

Reabsorption of neurotransmitters by the sending neuron.

Answer 29

Reuptake

Question 30

Environmental factors influencing development.

Answer 30

Nurture

Question 30

Major excitatory neurotransmitter involved in learning and memory.

Answer 30

Glutamate

Question 31

Transmission of traits from parents to offspring.

Answer 31

Heredity

Question 32

Drugs that relieve pain and produce euphoria.

Answer 32

Opioids

Question 33

Nerves outside the CNS.

Answer 33

PNS (Peripheral Nervous System)

Question 33

Neurotransmitter involved in pain perception.

Answer 33

Substance P

Question 34

An opioid that is highly addictive.

Answer 34

Heroin

Question 34

Compulsive drug use despite harmful consequences.

Answer 34

Addiction

Question 34

These transmit commands from the CNS to the muscles.

Answer 34

Motor Neurons

Question 35

Reduction in membrane potential making a neuron more likely to fire.

Answer 35

Depolarization

Question 35

A drug that can act as a depressant, stimulant, or hallucinogen.

Answer 35

Marijuana

Question 36

The controversial practice of improving genetic quality by selective breeding.

Answer 36

Eugenics

Question 37

A stimulant that increases dopamine levels.

Answer 37

Cocaine

Question 38

Hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles.

Answer 38

Melatonin

Question 38

Research comparing similarities between identical and fraternal twins.

Answer 38

Twin Studies

Question 39

This explores how natural selection influences behavior and mental processes.

Answer 39

Evolutionary Perspective

Question 40

Major inhibitory neurotransmitter that reduces neuronal excitability.

Answer 40

GABA

Question 41

Minimum stimulus needed to trigger an action potential.

Answer 41

Threshold

Question 42

The reduced response to a drug after repeated use.

Answer 42

Tolerance

Question 43

Hormone that regulates hunger and energy balance.

Answer 43

Leptin

Question 44

Chemicals that stimulate neurons to fire.

Answer 44

Excitatory Neurotransmitters

Question 45

Nerve cells transmitting information.

Answer 45

Neurons

Question 46

Neurons either fire completely or not at all.

Answer 46

All-or-nothing Principle

Question 47

An autoimmune disorder causing muscle weakness.

Answer 47

Myasthenia Gravis