Unit 38 Flashcards
I-י/ו roots (35 cards)
י - כ - ח
To rebuke
י - ט - ב
To treat kindly, do well
י - א - ל
To be willing, consent
י - ס - ף
To add, continue, do again
י - ר - שׁ
To inherit, dispossess
Why are I-ו roots grouped with I-י roots?
Because their first radical appears as י in the qal and the waw shifted to yod as the language evolved
In which stems and conjugations are I-ו roots different from their strong counterparts?
- Nifal
- Hifil
- Hofal
- Qal yiqtol, wayyiqtol, volitives, and infinitive construct
In which stems and conjugations are I-ו roots identical to their strong counterparts?
- Piel
- Pual
- Hitpael
- Qal qatal, infinitive absolute, participles
What is the only difference between strong roots and I-ו roots in the qal qatal, infinitive absolute, and participles?
The first radical appears as yod
What happens to I-ו roots in the qal yiqtol?
- The yod disappears
- The preformative of all forms is pointed with sere and the second radical is usually pointed with sere as well (except in the 2fs, 3mp, 2mp, and 2/3fp forms
- The 2fs, 3mp, and 2mp forms undergo pretonic reduction
- The second radical is pointed with patah in the 2/3fp
What root conjugates as if it were an I-ו?
ה - ל - ך
What root is irregular in the yiqtol?
י - כ - ל
What happens to I-ו roots in the qal jussive and wayyiqtol?
In the jussive and 3ms/3fs/2ms/and 1cs wayyiqtol the stress retracts to the preformative syllable and the second radical is pointed with segol
What happens to I-ו roots in the qal imperative?
The yod disappears
What happens to I-ו roots in the qal infinitive construct?
- The yod disappears, a tav suffix is added and the pointing resembles a segolate noun
- When the lamed prefix is added it is pointed with qamatz
- When subject suffixes are attached the pointing also changes to hireq (second radical) + shewa (third radical) + tav + suffixes
What happens to I-ו roots in the nifal?
- The orginial waw is visible throughout the paradigm
- In the qatal and participle, the waw is a mater lectionis
- In the yiqtol, wayyiqtol, volitives, and infinitives, the waw is a consonant and doubles
What happens to I-ו roots in the hifil?
The original waw is visible throught the paradigm and functions as a mater lectionis
What happens to I-ו roots in the hofal?
The original waw is visible throught the paradigm and functions as a mater lectionis
What stems do I-י roots appear in?
The qal and hifil
What happens to I-י roots in the qal yiqtol/wayyiqtol?
- The I-י quiesces and the second radical is pointed with patah
- The 2fs, 3mp, and 2mp forms undergo pretonic reduction
What happens to I-י roots in the qal volitives?
They are formed as expected (liek strong roots)
What happens to I-י roots in the qal infinitive construct?
They form like strong roots
What happens to I-י roots in the hifil?
The original yod remains but quiesces and the preceding consonant is pointed with sere
אוֹהֶל
Tent
