Unit 3b review

Question 1

Main purpose for photosynthesis?

Answer 1

to capture energy from sunlight to make sugars that store chemical energy

Question 2

What type of organisms carry out photosynthesis?

Answer 2

plants

Question 3

What is the main pigment that allows for photosynthesis to occur?

Answer 3

a green pigment called chlorophyll

Question 4

In what organelles does photosynthesis occur?

Answer 4

chloroplasts

Question 5

grana-
thylakoids-
stroma-

Answer 5

1) stacks of coin shaped membrane enclosed compartments called thylakoids
2)contain chlorophyll, other light absorbing molecules, and proteins
3) fluid that surrounds the grana inside a chloroplast

Question 6

Two stages of photosynthesis

Answer 6

light dependent reactions
light independent reactions

Question 7

two reactants of photosynthesis

Answer 7

carbon dioxide, water

Question 8

two products of photosynthesis

Answer 8

oxygen, glucose

Question 9

chemical equation for photosynthesis

Answer 9

write down

Question 10

Another name for light independent reactions in photosynthesis?

Answer 10

Calvin cycle

Question 11

What is main purpose for cellular respiration

Answer 11

cells release chemical energy from sugars, to produce ATP in the presence of oxygen

Question 12

What type of organisms carry out cellular respiration

Answer 12

Plants/animals

Question 13

what does ATP represent

Answer 13

Adenosine triphosphate

Question 14

aerobic
anaerobic

Answer 14

aerobic- takes place in the presence of oxygen
anaerobic- takes place in the absence of oxygen

Question 15

what process is cellular respiration

Answer 15

aerobic

Question 16

1st stage of cellular respiration

Answer 16

Glycolysis

Question 17

where does the first stage of cellular respiration occur

Answer 17

cyptoplasm

Question 18

is glycolysis aerobic or anaerobic

Answer 18

anaerobic

Question 19

how many molecules of ATP are produced by glycolysis

Answer 19

two molecules of ATP

Question 20

Where does the majority of cellular respiration occur

Answer 20

mitochondria

Question 21

What another name for the Krebs cycle

Answer 21

Citric acid cycle

Question 22

How many total ATP molecules are produced from cellular respiration

Answer 22

38

Question 23

basic equation for cellular respiration

Answer 23

write down

Question 24

when would human cells turn to fermentation as a source of ATP

Answer 24

it can generate ATP quickly for working muscle cells when oxygen is scarce

Question 25

list three foods that are produced as a result of fermentation

Answer 25

breads, cheese, and yogurt

Question 26

list 4 types of plant tissue

Answer 26

dermal, vascular, ground, and merisematic

Question 27

where is dermal tissue found

Answer 27

upper dermal layer at the top of the leaf and lower dermal layer at the bottom

Question 28

what is the main function of dermal tissue

Answer 28

covers and protects the plant

Question 29

where is ground tissue found

Answer 29

takes up most of the inside of a plant

Question 30

what is the main function of ground tissue

Answer 30

provides support, stores materials in roots and stems, stores water in cacti

Question 31

describe vascular tissue

Answer 31

Networks of hollow tubes similar to our veins and arteries

Question 32

what is the main function of vascular tissue

Answer 32

to transport water and nutrients and carry sugars made during photosynthesis

Question 33

xylem: phloem:

Answer 33

1) transports water and dissolved mineral nutrients 2) carries sugars made during photosynthesis, throughout the plant

Question 34

where can meristematic tissue be found

Answer 34

tip of roots and stems

Question 35

what is the main function of meristematic tissue

Answer 35

every time the cell divides, one cell remains identical to the parent cell, and the other forms specialized structures ( to divide and produce new cells)

Question 36

name three plant organs

Answer 36

roots stems leaves

Question 37

list four functions of roots

Answer 37

absorbs nutrients from soil, anchor plant, helps store food and nutrients, and transports water and minerals

Question 38

how do root hairs help plants

Answer 38

increase surface area of the root to provided a larger surface to absorb water plus minerals

Question 39

differentiate between a tissue and an organ

Answer 39

Tissue-group of cells with similar structures, working together to perform a shared function. Organ- structures made up of a group of tissues working together to perform a specific function

Question 40

list three functions of stems

Answer 40

support, transport materials, anchor plant

Question 41

differentiate between herbaceous and woody stems

Answer 41

Herbaceous- produce little to no wood, soft and often green Woody- usually found in dicots, such as trees and bushes the oldest part of the xylem is in the center phloem produced near the outside forms the inner layer of the bark

Question 42

difference between primary growth and secondary growth.

Answer 42

Primary- occurs when stems grow taller or roots grow deeper, growth is vertical. secondary- growth adds to the width of stems and roots. This growth is horizontal.

Question 43

which type of growth is responsible for tree rings

Answer 43

secondary

Question 44

what is the significance of a tree ring

Answer 44

represents 1 year of growth

Question 45

what is the purpose of the cuticle on a leaf

Answer 45

forms a waxy water resistant covering, protects inner tissues

Question 46

what are stomata and were are they located

Answer 46

Stromata are openings of the leaves, they are located the underside of the leaf

Question 47

what is transpiration

Answer 47

the release of water vapor through the stromata of leaves

Question 48

what allows stomata to open and close

Answer 48

guard cells

Question 49

at what time of day are stomata typically closed

Answer 49

night

Question 50

what else may cause stomata to close

Answer 50

plant cell starts loosing water from transpiration, guard cells deflate and close the stromata.

Question 51

describe one example of a plant that has specific leaf adaptations

Answer 51

cacti

Question 52

what is the main function of flowers

Answer 52

to attract pollinators

Question 53

why are the petals of the flower often brightly colored

Answer 53

to attract pollinators

Question 54

Male flower part: Female flower part:

Answer 54

m)stamen f) budding fruit

Question 55

what part of a flower produces pollen

Answer 55

stamen

Question 56

which part of a flower is a stalk that holds up the anther

Answer 56

filament

Question 57

which part of a flower collects pollen

Answer 57

stigma

Question 58

which part of a flower is a passageway from the stigma to the ovary

Answer 58

pistil

Question 59

which part of a flower contains egg cells

Answer 59

ovary

Question 60

which part of a flower protects the flower while its still a bud

Answer 60

sepals

Question 61

what occurs during the pollination of a flower

Answer 61

pollination occurs when a grain of pollen lands on another flowers stigma

Question 62

what occurs during the fertilization of a flower

Answer 62

Fertilization occurs when the sperm unites with the egg cells, the zygote will develop a seed.

Question 63

what occurs during the germination of a seed

Answer 63

the embryo will break out of the seed coat and begin to grow into a seedling.