Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

MED SCI' > Unit 5 > Flashcards

Unit 5 Flashcards

(82 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Definition of hazard

A

Something that has a potential to harm you

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Definition of a risk

A

Likelihood of hazard causing harm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does the denedicts test detect?

A

Tests for sugars (reducing sugars only)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a positive benedicts test result?

A

Any chnage in colour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does the biuret test detect?

A

Proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What type of data does quantitative data give us

A

Numerical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does colorimetry measure

A

The wavelength, frequency and absorption rate of light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is a calibration curve

A

Graph you can draw with data on absorbence of known concentration solutions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does the word quantitative mean?

A

Numerical data produced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How is a calibration curve created?

A

Through finding the absorption rate of each solution you’re testing and then plotting it on a graph

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the limitations of quantitative benedicts test?

A

False positive results can be created

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does benedicts test test for

A

Tests for reducing sugars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Method for benedicts test

A

Volume: 1:2 ratio
3-5 mins
Heat up to 75

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Limitations of the benedicts test

A

Varied temperature, lacks accuracy, subjective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Biurets tests for what

A

Presence of proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Method for buirets best

A

Measure out equal parts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Limitations of buirets test

A

Qualitative data is collected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What does colorimetry test test

A

Wavelength and frequency/absorption of light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What’s the method of colorimetry

A

Light sourse shines through lens, through the colour filter then the photo censor picks up frequency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Limitations of colorimetry

A

Only works on coloured compounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is spectrohometry

A

Measures light intensity as it passed through

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Method of spectrophotometry

A

Reflective light is shining through then measures and records intensity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Limitations of spectrophotometry

A

Highly selective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What does rhe flame test test

A

Determines the unknown metal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Method of flame testing
Measures scattering light when light source passes through
26
Limitations of flame tests
Other impurities may be present
27
What does turbidimetry tsst
Number of cells in a solution
28
Method for turbidimetry
Measures scattering light source when light source is presented
29
Limitations of turbidimetry
Detector picks up all small light creating inaccurate measurements
30
Nephelometry test
Tests levels of solution in products
31
Method for nephelometry
Suspension of small partials are being measured at 90°
32
Limitations of nephelometry
Affected by other sources of light
33
Limitations of nephelometry
Affected by other sources of light
34
What is the definition of expected ranges
Interpretation and ideal results
35
What is the definition of false positive
Test results come back as positive when the disease is not actually present
36
What is the definition of false negative
Test results come back negative but they do have the disease
37
What is the definition of sensitivity
Tests ability to produce reliable diagnosis
38
What is the definition of specificity
Few false positive results are produced
39
Limitations of flame testing
Setting fire to splint and not the liquid Interference
40
What's the correct colour for sodium, potassium and calcium when doing a flame test
Postassium- lilac Soidum- yellow Calcium- orange/red
41
What are the names of the five different types of leucocytes
Lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, episophil, basophil
42
What is haematocrit a measure of?
Amount of red blood cells patient has
43
What is haemoglobin and what does it do?
Haemoglobin, binds to oxygen carries around the body
44
How is haematocrit carried out in a clinical lab?
Combining sample with potassium eyandine and ferricyqnide, which forms cyanmethemoglobin, then a photo meter is used at 540nm to measure concentration against normal solutions
45
What does a full blood count include?
In depth analysis and count of blood components
46
What does reference/expected range mean?
Values used to estimate/determine the patients results
47
Give some examples of conditions that may be diagnosed by a full blood count, and the results that would indicate someone has them
Leukemia- looking at the level of WBC Meningitis- severe fatigue, lack of RBC
48
What does RIA measure?
Individuals levels of antigens
49
What are the steps in carrying out RIA?
1. Quantity of known antigen is made radioactive 2. Mixed together and binds 3. Patients sample is added 4. Higher concentration is displaced
50
What are the limitations of RIA?
Doesn't last long
51
What can ELISA measure?
Antigens, antibodies, proteins and glycoproteins
52
What are the steps to carrying out a Elisa test?
Antigen is coated onto the wells by passive adsorption and incubation. The plate is washed with PBS to remove unbound antigens. Bovine serum albumin is used to block the other protein binding sites. Primary sample antibody is added to the plate and incubated with the antigen
53
What are enzyme assays used to measure?
Cellular activity
54
What is the difference between an end point and a kinetic assay?
End point- samples are taken, reaction is then stopped and concentration is determined Kinetic- measures formation over time
55
What are the limitations of enzyme assays?
Very highly sensitive, human error, interfering agents, not very specific
56
What is immunohistochemisty
Stain slides are using antibodies against certain tumor markers- detects
57
What us immoflorescence
Using stain slides and fluorescent antibodies to find specific tumor markers
58
Why would a lab do a frozen section when doing a histology
Cuts and analyses larger organs
59
How are large block samples dealt with?
Adapted timings
60
What does crystallography look for
Crystal deposits
61
What is thin layer chromatography? What's the stationary and mobile phase?
Carried out by suing medium silica powder which is then spread across glass slide- stationary. Organic solvent carries pigment
62
What is HPLC? What is rhe stationary and mobile phase?
High performance liquid chromatography, stationary phase- film of liquid in oven Mobile phase- carrier gas
63
What is the basic principle of chromatography
Used to separate and identify chemicals in a mixture
64
What Is gas chromatography and what is the stationary/mobile phase?
Gas chromatography separates complex mixtures, Film of liquid on oven Carrier gas
65
66
67
68
What is the purpose of Aseptic technique?
To ensure contamination doesn't occur, leading to bacterial growth of unwanted bacteria
69
What are the main principles of aseptic technique?
Equipment is sterilised Clean surface Disinfectant
70
What is a disinfectant?
A substance capable of destroying microorganisms
71
72
73
What does gram stain tell us about bacteria?
The type of bacteria we are handling, depending on the shape and how many cell walls/membranes it has
74
Steps of carrying out a gram stain?
Clean slide using ethanol, Add one drop of distilled water Using loop add bacteria Mix/spread across plate Let air dry Add crystal iodine leave for 1 min Rinse off using iodine, leave for another min Rinse iodine off with ethanol, leave for 10-15 seconds, Using safrain leave on for 30-45 seconds Let air dry Microscope
75
What other biochem tests can we use to identify bacteria
Oxidase test
76
77
State the name of the technique for separating out DNA fragments
Gel electrophoresis
78
Describe how to carry out this technique
Negative charge is attracted to the positive electrical terminal, DNA is then sorted by size, gel acts as a sieve
79
Explain why DNA moves to the positive electrode in gel electrophoresis
Attracted to the opposite thing
80
81
Explain how the size of the DNA fragment determines the distance it moves in the gel
shorter pieces of DNA will travel through the pores of the gel matrix faster than longer ones
83

MED SCI' (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions