Unit 5 Biomechanics of Exercise (Week 3) Flashcards
Understand what occurs during execution of strength and other exercises. Define the mechanical and physical factors involved in exercise and movement.
biomechanics
the study of movement.
mainly with physical factors such as speed, mass, acceleration, levers, and force along with the physical functions of the movement
Stability is
the ability to maintain a balanced state
Stability principle: the larger the base of support,
the greater the body’s stability
Stability principle: the lower the body is,
the more stable it becomes.
Bent knee position prevents (2)
knee injuries and lower-body movement and keeps the spine vertical when performing upper body twisting
If the feet are parallel and shoulder-width apart (A), the weight should be
close to you or overhead.
ex: back squat
In a stride position (B), you can better balance the weight in a
forward–backward direction.
ex: standing chest press
Force is
the interaction that creates work, action, or physical change.
Muscular force is exhibited in
a push or pull type motion.
four components of force:
magnitude, direction, point of application, and line of action.
Magnitude refers to
how much force is applied to the dumbbells, barbells, or machine handles.
direction:
The way in which the force is applied
Point of application refers to
where the force is applied on the body or implement being used
Line of action (also line of force) refers to
an imaginary straight line drawn from the point of application of force through the direction of force
The angle at which a muscle pulls relative to the long axis of the bone on which it pulls.
angle of pull
mechanical advantage,
ability to do more work at a specific angle
work
F x D. Measured in foot-pounds and similar units. Example: Lifting a 200-pound barbell 8 feet and lifting a 400-pound barbell 4 feet each require 1,600 foot-pounds of work.
power:
The work done in a unit of time.
The faster the work is done, t
he greater the amount of power;
Newton’s first law states
an object at rest tends to stay at rest, and an object in motion tends to stay in motion; this is the essence of inertia.
Resting inertia
when an object is at rest, it will stay at rest unless acted upon by some outside force
Moving inertia
when an object is in motion, it will remain in motion unless acted upon by some outside force
range of motion (ROM):
the movement of a joint from full flexion to full extension.
in order to create a force, you must place
a mass into motion with acceleration and a change in velocity.
