Unit 5: Lower Extremity Skeletal Anatomy Flashcards by Hannah Geisler

-made of two coxae (innominate bones or hip bones)
-Composed of ilium, ischium, and pubis
-provides support to the body’s weight
-provides articulation sites LE limbs
-provides attachment sites for LE musculature
-provides protection for lower quadrant organs

pelvic girdle

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largest and uppermost portion

ilium

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lowest portion

ischium

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anterior portion

pubis

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-formed by all three bones of innominate
-articulation site between femur and coxa

acetabulum

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-largest foramen in body
-formed by ischium and pubis

obturator foramen

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anterior inferior iliac spine

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anterior superior iliac spine

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posterior inferior iliac spine

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posterior superior iliac spine

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iliac crest

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iliac fossa

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greater sciatic notch

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ischial spine

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ischial tuberosity

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ramus of the ischium

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superior ramus of pubis

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inferior ramus of pubis

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pubic tubercle

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body of pubis

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pubic symphysis

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-emerges from lumbosacral plexus
-travels through greater sciatic foramen
-forms the following nerves (tibial nerve and common peroneal nerve)

sciatic nerve

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-female has larger pelvic arch
-female has larger, more round pelvic brim
-female has smaller oval/triangular obturator foramen

gender differences in pelvis

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longest and strongest bone in the body

femur

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articulates with acetabulum

femoral head

depression in the femoral head that serves as attachment for ligamentum teres

fovea capitis

frequent location for fractures

femoral neck

greater trochanter

lesser trochanter

intertrochanteric crest

intertrochanteric line

gluteal tuberosity

linea aspera

adductor tubercle

medial epicondyle

lateral epicondyle

medial condyle

lateral condyle

patellar surface

intercondylar fossa

-largest sesamoid bone -improves leverage of quadriceps and their ability to extend knee -embedded within the quadriceps and patellar tendon

patella

tibia

tibial plateau

medial condyle

lateral condyle

-insertion site of quadriceps -site of osgood-schlatters disease

tibial tuberosity

-insertion for gracilis, semitendinosus, and sartorius

pes anserine

insertion for the IT band

Gerdy's tubercle

medial malleolus

fibula

fibular head

lateral malleolus

c-shaped

medial meniscus

o-shaped

lateral meniscus

-absorbs shock/jolts -improve stability of tibiofemoral joint -lesions occur as a result of femoral rotation with foot planted -with a cross-sectional appearance, menisci are wedge-shaped and have three zones (red, red-white, and white)

meniscus

bowleg