Unit 1: Nervous System

Question 1

Gathers info, transmits info, processes info, and sends info to effector organs

Answer 1

4 functions of the nervous system

Question 2

Brain and spinal cord

Answer 2

Central nervous system

Question 3

Sensory and Motor

Answer 3

Peripheral nervous system

Question 4

Carry sensory signals from receptors to the CNS

Answer 4

Afferent fibers

Question 5

Carry motor signals from the CNS to effectors

Answer 5

Efferent fibers

Question 6

Innervate skin, skeletal muscles, bones, and joints

Answer 6

Somatic fibers

Question 7

-Sympathetic and parasympathetic
-glands, smooth muscle, heart, etc.

Answer 7

Autonomic nervous system

Question 8

the functional unit of the nervous system

Answer 8

Neuron

Question 9

Answer 9

Dendrites

Answer 10

Cell body

Question 11

Answer 11

Axon

Question 12

Greatly increases speed of impulse

Answer 12

Myelin sheath

Question 13

increases speed of impulse down an axon

Answer 13

Nodes of Ranvier

Question 14

myelin sheath destruction, attacks the CNS

Answer 14

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 15

the junction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron

Answer 15

Synapse

Question 16

-Contains higher brain function like memory, reasoning, and intelligence
-Voluntary muscular movement
-Processes sensory info

Answer 16

cerebrum

Question 17

Answer 17

Brain stem

Question 18

vital for normal motor function like coordination, posture, and equilibrium

Answer 18

Cerebellum

Question 19

Answer 19

Frontal lobe

Question 20

Answer 20

parietal lobe

Question 21

Answer 21

Occipital lobe

Question 22

Answer 22

Temporal lobe

Question 23

Primary motor cortex

Answer 23

pre central gyrus

Question 24

Answer 24

central sulcus

Question 25

primary somatosensory cortex

Answer 25

postcentral gyrus

Question 26

-interbrain
-contains the optic tracts, thalamus, hypothalamus, and posterior pituitary gland

Answer 26

diencephalon

Question 27

sensory and motor signals pass through

Answer 27

thalamus

Question 28

-maintains homeostasis
-regulates body temp
-regulates heart rate and blood pressure
-link between nervous and endocrine system

Answer 28

hypothalamus

Question 29

Answer 29

corpus callosum

Question 30

Answer 30

pituitary gland

Question 31

-control center of vital visceral activity
-regulates heart rate
-constrict/dilate blood vessels and regulate rhythm and depth of breathing
-reflex center (i.e. coughing and sneezing)

Answer 31

medulla oblongata

Question 32

helps regulate rate and depth of breathing

Answer 32

pons

Question 33

-visual and auditory reflexes
-pleasure
-smooths out movement

Answer 33

midbrain (mesencephalon)

Question 34

(looking at #3 on image)

Answer 34

pia mater

Question 35

(looking at #4 on image)

Answer 35

arachnoid mater

Question 36

(looking at #5 on image)

Answer 36

dura mater

Question 37

Answer 37

dorsal root ganglion

Question 38

-“thoracic-lumbar” division
-releases norepinephrine
-excites an effector organ
-“fight or flight”; prepares body for physical activity; reaction occurs in our lives in many situations

Answer 38

sympathetic nervous system

Question 39

-“cranial-sacral” division
-releases acetylcholine
-inhibits effector organ
-“resting and digesting”; reduces energy expenditure and normal bodily maintenance

Answer 39

Parasympathetic nervous system

Question 40

innervate blood vessels, glands, and viscera

Answer 40

visceral fibers

Question 41

innervate widespread organs such as muscles, skin, glands, viscera, and blood vessels

Answer 41

general fibers

Question 42

innervate more localized organs in the head, including the eyes, ears, olfactory and taste receptors, and muscles of chewing, swallowing, and facial expression

Answer 42

special fibers

Question 42

innervate more localized organs in the head, including the eyes, ears, olfactory and taste receptors, and muscles of chewing, swallowing, and facial expression

Answer 42

special fibers