Unit 5 sexual reproduction

Question 1

What happens to a cell’s volume and surface area as it grows larger

Answer 1

As a cell increases in size, its surface area-to-volume ratio decreases.

Question 2

What are some advantages of sexual reproduction

Answer 2

Beneficial genetic mutations, variety in offspring

Question 3

Interphase

Answer 3

Interphase: cell increases in size (gap 1, or G1, stage), copies its DNA (synthesis, or S, stage), prepares to divide (gap 2, or G2, stage), and divides (mitosis, or M, stage).

Question 4

Mitosis

Answer 4

Prophase-nuclear membrane dissolves, appearance of spindle fibers and centrioles
Metaphase-chromosomes line up at the nucleus, spindle fibers attach to each chromosome
Anaphase-spindle fibers pull back one half of each chromosome to opposite polls
Telophase-nuclear membrane forms, spindle fibers and centrioles disappear
Cytokinesis-cell splits with its own set of chromosomes into 2 daughter cells identical to the parent

Question 5

Main stages of cell division

Answer 5

interphase and the mitotic (M) phase.

Question 6

What cancer effects

Answer 6

Genes involved in cancer have pseudo-multicellular and multicellular evolutionary origins rather than pure unicellular evolutionary origin.

Question 7

Cancer loses

Answer 7

The ability to control the rate of cell growth

Question 8

Meiosis process

Answer 8

prophase 1:asdfghjklHom logus pairsof chromosomes are tangledtogether
by a process called crassing buer.
“Homologus chromosomes will exchange some ONA
“Spindle fibers and centrials appear
metaphase I
, Homolugous chromosomes line up next
to eachother
along the emuitorial plate
Anaphase le
-Spidle fibers pull the homologous chromasomes apart
Telophase li
Nuclear membrane
starts do form
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{y to kenesis 1:
“Two new daughter cells form that are haploid
Prophase Il:
spindle fibers form and attach to the chromosomes
Metaphase Il’
* Chromosomes pulled
to the center of the cell
* They line up randomly at
the ecruator
Anaphase It!
* Centromere of each
chpomosomesplits
sister chromatids seperate and mane to opposite poles
Telophase It.
* Nuclear membrane reforms
“Spindle fibers and gentridles dis appear
Cytokenisis I “
Fermation of y daughter cells
* Each daughter cell has halt the