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Human Biology > Unit 5 Test: Nervous System > Flashcards

Unit 5 Test: Nervous System Flashcards

(60 cards)

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1
Q

The CNS is composed of the _________ and __________ __________.

A

Brain, spinal cord

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2
Q

The PNS included the ________ _________, _________ _________ and __________.

A

Cranial nerves, spinal nerves, ganglia

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3
Q

What are the three general functions of the nervous system?

A

1) sensory (collecting info)
2) integrative (processing, evaluating)
3) motor (responding)

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4
Q

Functionally, the nervous system is divided into the ___________ nervous system and the __________ nervous system.

A

Sensory, motor

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5
Q

What is the sensory nervous system made out of and what does it do?

A

Receptors, transmits to CNS

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6
Q

Motor nervous system?

A

From CNS to rest of body

Motor info to effectors

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7
Q

Where is the somatic sensory?

A 
Skin
Fascia
Joints
Muscle
Senses (pain, touch, temp, pressure)
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8
Q

Where is the visceral sensory?

A

Internal organs

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9
Q

Where is the somatic motor?

A

Voluntary skeletal mm

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10
Q

Where is the autonomic motor?

A

Involuntary, cardiac and smooth mm

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11
Q

The basic structural unit of the nervous system is the

A

Neuron

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12
Q

Distinguish between dendrites and axons.

A

Dendrites: shorter and smaller, often more than 1 on a neuron, receive input

Axon: longer, usually one on a neuron, conducts impulse away from neuron

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13
Q

What is the function of the sensory?

A

Transmit impulses from sensory nerves to CNS

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14
Q

What is the location of the sensory nerves?

A

Touch, pressure, heat, light, chemical

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15
Q

What is the function of the motor nerves?

A

Transmit impulses from CNS to mm or glands to elicit a response

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16
Q

Where is the location of the motor nerves?

A

Spinal cord, axons in cranial and spinal nerves

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17
Q

What is the function of the inter neurons?

A

Integrative fxn —> retrieve, process, store info and decide how to react to stimuli

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18
Q

What are the inter neurons located?

A

Within the CNS

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19
Q

What is the importance of the blood brain barrier?

A

Protects brain from toxins, allows nutrients to pass

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20
Q

Characteristics of pia mater?

A

Thin layer, contains nerves and blood vessels

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21
Q

Location of the pia mater?

A

Innermost (closest to brain)

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22
Q

Characteristics of the arachnoid mater?

A

Thin and web like

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23
Q

Location of the arachnoid mater?

A

Middle layer

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24
Q

Characteristics of the dura mater?

A

Tough, dense, contains nerves and blood vessels

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25
Location of the dura mater?
Outermost layer (next to cranium)
26
Characteristics of brain ventricles?
Spaces with CSF | continuous with one another and central canal of spinal cord
27
Location of brain ventricles?
2 in cerebrum
28
Characteristics of CSF?
Clear, colorless liquid, buoyancy, protection, nutrients, removes waste ---> blood
29
Location of CSF?
Circulates in ventricles and sub-arachnoid space
30
Characteristics of the blood-brain barrier?
Keeps neurons from being exposed to drugs, waste, hormones
31
Location of blood brain barrier?
Capillaries
32
What are some molecules that can cross the blood-brain barrier?
Lipid soluble molecules like nicotine, alcohol, some anesthetics
33
What is the function of the cerebrum?
Complex thought and intellectual functions | Sensory perception, thought, memory, judgment, voluntary motor, visual and auditory
34
The outer layer of the cerebrum is the _________ _________ and is composed of _________ ___________.
Cerebral cortex, gray matter
35
The inner layer of the cerebrum is composed of ________ __________.
White matter
36
The bridge that connects the two hemispheres of the cerebrum is the __________ ___________.
Corpus callosum
37
The function of the motor (nonfunctional)
Control voluntary skeletal mm activity
38
Location of nonfunctional motor
Frontal lobe
39
Function of nonfunctional sensory
Touch, pressure, pain, temp, visual, auditory, sight, sound, taste, smell, olfactory
40
Location of sensory nonfunctional
Parietal, temporal, occipital lobes
41
Function of association
Interprets and coordinates motor and sensory info---learning, association
42
Location of the association
Motor--frontal | Sensory--parietal
43
Function of higher-order processing
Extremely complex motor activity or complicated analytical functions, speech, cognition, spatial relationships, general interpretation
44
Location of higher-order processing
Both cerebral hemispheres
45
Describe the location of the diencephalon.
Between the cerebral hemispheres
46
What is the function of the thalamus?
Sensory relay station
47
What is the function of the hypothalamus?
Regulates body temp, water and electrolyte balance, control of hunger and body weight, some Hormones
48
What is the function of the midbrain?
Auditory and visual reflexes
49
Function of the pons?
Relays sensory impulses from peripheral nerves to the brain
50
Function of the medulla oblongata?
Controls vital visceral activities | Heart rate, blood pressure, breathing
51
Summarize the function of the cerebellum.
Balance and coordination
52
Cranial nerves are part of the ______ and are numbered according to their position.
CNS
53
The spinal cord can be subdivided into the ________, _________, __________, ___________, and _________ parts.
Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal
54
The spinal cord officially ends with the conus medulla dos at the level of the __________, but groups of axons project inferiority from the spinal cord.
1st lumbar vertebra
55
How are spinal nerves names?
By the vertebra they arise from
56
The somatic nervous system operates under our ___________ _________, while the Autonomic nervous system functions are ____________.
Conscious control, involuntary
57
The effectors for the ANS are
Smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glands
58
What is the sympathetic division of the ANS?
Gears up for "fight or flight" | Increases alertness and metabolic
59
What is the parasympathetic division of the ANS?
Conserving energy, replenishing nutrient stores | "Rest and digest"
60
The two main divisions of the nervous system are the ________ nervous system and the _____________ nervous system.
Central, peripheral

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