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AP EURO > UNIT 8: 20TH CENTURY GLOBAL CONFLICTS > Flashcards

UNIT 8: 20TH CENTURY GLOBAL CONFLICTS Flashcards

1
Q

Causes for WW1

A

1.Militirism
2.Alliances
3.Imperialism
4.Nationalism

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2
Q

Triple Alliance

A

Germany
Austria-Hungary
Italy

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3
Q

Triple Entente

A

Britain
Russia
France

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4
Q

New approach to war

A

War was used for political use and to keep their interests safe and to keep their national honor

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5
Q

How did WW1 Start?

A

Assassination of Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Conflict with Austria-Hungary and Serbia

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6
Q

WW1 Technology

A

Machine Gun
Trench Warfare
Barbed Wire
Chemical Gas
Naval and Air Warfare

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7
Q

Total War

A

home and outside sacrificing for war

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8
Q

Key point?

A

since people at home were sacrificing for what seemed to be an unwinnable war with devastating casualties, discontent began growing and that led to protest and insurrection at home

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9
Q

The End of War

A

US remained neutral until the sinking of US ship
US aids in the triple entente front and wins the war

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10
Q

Treaty of Versailles

A

austrian hungarian and ottoman empire were dissolved
Germany was severely punished bc France and Britain wanted punishment for the loses
1.War Guilt Clause
2.Reparations
3.Demilitarization
4.Land cessions

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11
Q

Problems in Russia

A

1.Political Stagnation
2.Social Inequality
3.Incomplete Industrialization
4.Food and Land distribution

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12
Q

March Revolution

A

Nicholas II outside of Russia fighting with his troops and citizens wanted bread and he ordered his troops to shoot but then the troops sided with the people-> Abdicated Nicholas II and the Duma takes over

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13
Q

What happened after March Revolution?

A

The provisional government was largely influenced by the interest of the middle class, but they increasingly had to contend the councils that represented working class interest known as soviets, who, on the majority were made up of socialist

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14
Q

Lenin

A

April Thesis-revolution steps
Marx’s ideas

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15
Q

April Theses

A

1.Peace,Land and bread
-Russias withdrawal from World War I
-Equal redistribution of land to all
2.Worker control of production
-as opposed to elite and bourgeois control
3. all power to the soviets

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16
Q

Russian Civil War

A

bc of the bitterness this new forced arrangement caused among the aristocracy and the anti-Leninists, along with several other now-marginalized groups ,Russia degenerated into civil war

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17
Q

New Economic Policy

A

peasant farmers were no longer required to send their produce to the state, but rather could sell them on the open market
private ownership

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18
Q

Wilsons Fourteen Points in Treaty of Versailles

A

the fourteen points included a provision for the reduction of arms among nations, open diplomatic relationships rather than secretive treaties, and most important of all, the right for self-determination among nations
caused the creation of the League of Nations (failure)

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19
Q

Emergence of new democratic states

A

these states, along with other states like Hungary and Yugoslavia became known as democratic successor states because they were newly formed out of the rubble of larger empires

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20
Q

Weimar Republic

A

new government in Germany that struggled after the peace treaty

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21
Q

Treaty of Versailles problem?

A

in order to gain support for their cause, the allied powers in the war promised several arab nations ruled by the Ottomans that they would recognize their independence

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22
Q

Interwar period

A

between WWI and WWII

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23
Q

Dawes Plan

A

decreed that Germany only pay the reparations it could afford to pay
invested a metric buttload of US dollars into Germany recovery

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24
Q

Kellogg-Briand Pact

A

said that war is not a instrument of foreign policy

25
causes of Great Depression
1.War Debt 2.Tariff policies 3.Overpopulation 4.Speculation
26
1929 Great Depression
US stock market crashes unemployment soars women was able to find more jobs than men
27
Welfare States
Cradle to Grave Britain socialist governments created welfare states to create conditions for cooperative enterprises higher taxes
28
Popular Front
France socialists and liberals join to solve the economic crisis and avoid the fascist party-> FAILED making France weak
29
Fascism
a political phiosophy that emphasizes obedience to an authoritarian leader and which leverages all the resources of the state to fulfill the leaders ambitions
30
Cause of Fascism
1.Post WW1 bitterness because of the immense need for wartime production, the WC grew in power during the war while middle class power and influence declined because of the suffering of consumer industries 2.Rise of Communism 3.Economic stability
31
How did Mussolini gain power
gain popularity and then march of rome turned him into the chancellor
32
Totalitarian tactics (Mussolini)
use of modern technology and propaganda to spread his message to all Italians use of a secret police which in Italy was known as the Blackshirts
33
rise of Adolf Hitler
Because the Weimar government could not address these problems, many Germany people were ripe for the extremist policies of Adolf Hitler
34
Adolf Hilter
Nazi Party Anti-semitism used radio and television for propaganda
35
causes of Spanish Civil War
the debt and after war crisis led to the collapse of the parliamentary democracy by 1936 a group of leftist called the Popular Front took control and their group represented the interest of workers and communist Franco vs Popular Front
36
key note of the Spanish Civil War
the Spanish civil war represented a kind of testing ground for WWII
37
Joseph Stalin
sent political dissentients to labor camps called gulags secret police
38
Five Year Plan
MODERNIZE collectivization
39
Kulaks
wealthy peasants in Russia-> Opposed of Five Year Plan
40
Why did no one stop the rise of Fascism?
British and French Appeasement(they dont want to destroy themselves again)
41
Soviet Union
the soviet union was an authoritarian communist state and that was diametrically opposed to the US and western europe which represented capitalist democracies
42
Anschluss
annexed Austria
43
Nazi-Soviet Non aggression pact
agreement to not attack each other
44
The cause of wwii?
Invasion of Poland caused Britain and France to get pulled in
45
Japan
Driven by policies of aggressive expansionism, Japan had won victories against China and then Russia and then acquired many territories in Southeast Asia
46
Allied Powers
Britain France Soviet Union United States
47
Axis Powers
Germany Italy Japan
48
Vichy France
Occupied by Nazis, France
49
Seize of Stalingrad
Tides turn Russia vs Germany
50
Pearl Harbor
Brought US in war Japan bomb US
51
D-Day
British and US invade shore of Norman and liberate France from Nazis
52
Atomic Bomb
Bomb created by Americas Dropped two in Japan
53
How did the War End?
The Allied Powers begin to take territory back from Nazis and began to close down to Berlin and Adolf Hitler commits suicide America bomb Japan and led to its surrender
54
The Holcaust
Caused by Hitlers idea of Aryans being the superior race and the lowest being Jewish
55
Nuremberg Laws
Established that only people of pure German blood could be citizens -Jews were stripped of their citizenship Made it illegal for pureblood Germans to intermarry with Jews
56
Wannsee Conference
Soviet Leaders establish the Final Solution for Jewish (genoicide)
57
Emergence of Psychology
bc of the PTSD left of the war, psychology emerged to help it
58
Impact of WWII
People felt lost and disillusionment (they felt that everything they thought before was proved false)
59
Women Social Change
Women got jobs when men were fighting in Wars-> right to vote

AP EURO (11 decks)

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