UNIT 7:19th CENTURY PERSEPECTIVE AND DEVELOPMENT

Question 1

Nationalism

Answer 1

A feeling of strong identification with ones own people and ones own cultural heritage, and those bonds are strengthened by a shared history and a shared language

Question 2

Some changes?

Answer 2

emergence of Nation State-> demand of independence

Question 3

causes of revolution

Answer 3

1.Romantic Idealism
2.Liberal Reforms
3.Political Unification
4.Racialism

Question 4

Giuseppe Mazzini

Answer 4

the soul of the Italian unification
bc he staged uprising w/ his Young Italy

Question 5

anti-semitism

Answer 5

racial stereotype against Jewish

Question 6

Dreyfus Affair

Answer 6

showed that France was still somewhat racist/conservative

Question 7

Zionism

Answer 7

to go against Anti-Semitism
Palestine is Jewish hometown

Question 8

Napoleon the III

Answer 8

Napoleon’s nephew who introduced liberal reforms in France
Universal Suffrage of Men

Question 9

Otto van Bismark of Prussia

Answer 9

Conservative
German Unification
realpolitik

Question 10

Dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary

Answer 10

after revolutions of 1848, Hungarians wanted independence but resulted with the dual monarchy
stabilize the state

Question 11

The Crimean War

Answer 11

Both France and Russia, wanted to weaken the Ottoman Empire, which was already growing weak bc of its nationalist movements
Russia lost this war-> Humiliation

Question 12

The consequence of the Crimean War?

Answer 12

The Crimean War effectively broke up the Concert of Europe which had kept the peace and the balance of power since its inception

Question 13

Italian Unification

Answer 13

Nationalist in Northern Italy joined Cavour and then Garibaldi joined Cavour and then Franco-Prussian war made napoleon withdrew troops in central italy= Unification

Question 14

Count Cavour

Answer 14

Mind of the unification

Question 15

Giuseppe Garibaldi

Answer 15

the sword
red shirt army
southern italy

Question 16

Franco-Prussian War

Answer 16

final push for Italian unification and German unification

Question 17

German Unification

Answer 17

Otto Van Bismark alliance
realpolik
wars

Question 18

realpolitik

Answer 18

a way of political maneuvering that sought practical results

Question 19

Wars of German Unification

Answer 19

1.Prussian-Danish War
2.Prussian-Austrian War
3.Franco-Prussian War

Question 20

Bismarks alliances

Answer 20

Three Emperor League
-Germany, Austria-Hungary and Russia
Reinsurance Treaty
-Russia and Germany
Triple Alliance
-.Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy

Question 21

Otto van Biskmark’s goal?

Answer 21

Unify Germany and Isolate France
By the time Bismark was dismissed as chancellor in 1890, Europe was a collection of mutually antagonistic alliances, which is going to make negotiation and flexibility between these two sides almost impossible

Question 22

Tensions in Balkan

Answer 22

National dissent
eventually leaded to WW1 bc of the alliances in this war

Question 23

Darwinism

Answer 23

natural selection-survival of the fittest
evolution

Question 24

Social Darwinism

Answer 24

strong societies were the ones that adapted and thrived while weak societies were destined to fade away under the principle of natural selection

Question 25

Positivism

Answer 25

truth can be taught through math and science threat to religion truth is relative to each person

Question 26

Nietzsche

Answer 26

God was in fact dead, Europeans of his age had killed him and that created the possibility of the liberation of humanity

Question 27

Psychology/Sigmund Freud

Answer 27

laid the fieldwork for psychology

Question 28

second wave imperialism motivation

Answer 28

1.economic -raw materials and markets 2.political 3.racial superiority White Mans Burden

Question 29

Opium War

Answer 29

to fix the Britain China trade imbalance the British illegally import Opium and that upset China-> War British Won resulting into trading rights into China

Question 30

Scramble for Africa

Answer 30

second imperialism a bunch of states fight for colonies in Africa

Question 31

European Advantage

Answer 31

1.Advance Weapon 2.New Communication and Transportation Technology 3.Medical Advancement

Question 32

Germ Theory

Answer 32

disease is caused by germs

Question 33

Realism

Answer 33

portray the world as it was, everyday people

Question 34

Modern art

Answer 34

the technology of photography was becoming widespread so people didn't need to produce realistic art and shifted to more abstract

Question 35

Impressionism

Answer 35

abstract, emotional, impression symbolic use of light

Question 36

Cubism

Answer 36

3 dimension

Question 37

Sepoy Rebellion

Answer 37

growing resent on imperialism towards the British East India Company