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AP Psychology > Unit 8 Personality > Flashcards

Unit 8 Personality Flashcards

(86 cards)

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1
Q

what is personality

A

a pattern of thoughts, behaviors, and emotions

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2
Q

psychoanalytics

A

freud

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3
Q

what were freuds methods of discovering the unconscious

A

free association, dream interpretation, and freudian slips

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4
Q

what is free association

A

being shown a stimulus and using the first thing that comes to your mind

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5
Q

what is dream interpretation

A

made up of manifest and latent content,, uses your dreams as a way to tap into your unconscious

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6
Q

what is manifest content

A

the actual content and plot of the dream

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7
Q

what is latent content?

A

the underlying meaning and analysis of the dream

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8
Q

what is a freudian slip?

A

when you accidentally day the wrong word, but it reveals what you’re actually thinking

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9
Q

what are freuds divisions of the mind

A

id, ego, and superego

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10
Q

what is the id>

A

(the pleasure principle) the unconscious psychic energy,, is unchecked bu morality,, it is the unfiltered brain

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11
Q

what is the ego

A

(reality principle) the executive mediatior,, between the unconscious and what is socially acceptable (combo of id and superego)

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12
Q

what is the superego

A

(morality principle) internalized ideals from society

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13
Q

what are freuds levels of consciousness

A

conscious, preconscious, and unconscious

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14
Q

what is the conscious

A

what you’re aware of

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15
Q

what is the preconscious

A

what you have access to, but not immediately in your mind

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16
Q

what is the unconscious

A

what you aren’t even aware of in your mind

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17
Q

what are the three instinctual drives?

A

eros, thanatos, libido

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18
Q

eros

A

life drive,, survival and preservation

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19
Q

thanatos

A

death drive,, aggressive, and deviant

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20
Q

libido

A

sex drive

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21
Q

freuds psychosexual stages

A 
Oral
Anal
Phallic
Latency
Genital
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22
Q

what is fixation

A

being stuck on a stage bc you struggled to make it through

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23
Q

oral stage

A

ages 0-2
eating and talking to independence
fixation: chewing gum,, grinding teeth,, smokers,, drinkers,, and sarcasm

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24
Q

anal stage

A

ages 2-3
toilet training to control
fixation: anal expulsive= messy and disorganized
anal retentive= obsessive and controlling

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25
phallic stage
ages 4-6 gender development to learn from observing parents fixation: oedipus complex and electra complex and penis envy
26
latency stage
ages 7-11 | no new psychosocial conflict to girls and boys separate
27
genital stage
ages 12+ mature sexual interests fixation: reappearance of past fixations
28
oedipus complex:
boys romantically love theri mothers and get jealous of their fathers
29
electra complex
girls romantically love their father and get jealous of their mothers
30
what is penis envy
the female desire to hold social or political power like men
31
what are freuds defense mechanisms
``` repression reaction formation projection rationalization displacement sublimation denial regression compensation intellectualization ```
32
what is repression
keeping disturbing thoughts or memories from becoming conscious,, just ignoring them
33
what is reaction formation
switching unacceptable impulses and feelings into their opposites (boy who has crush on girl is mean to her)
34
what is projection
attributing ones own unacceptable thought and feelings to someone else
35
rationalization
justifying the reasons for your unacceptable thoughts or actions while ignoring the deeper reasoning
36
displacement
shifting sexual or aggressive impulses toward a less aggressive option (you get yelled at when ur dad has a bad day at work bc he cant yell at his boss)
37
sublimation
transferring unacceptable impulses into a socially valued and acceptable motive
38
denial
refusing to believe or perceive painful realities (also ignoring feeling)
39
regression
moving backwards to a more infantile psychosexual stage (not being able to figure out a math problem so you cry)
40
compensation
disguise unaccpetable urges, inadequacies, or frustrations by directing energy into another area
41
intellectualization
removing oneself emotionally from a stressful event by only thinking about it in a logical way (doctors giving cancer diagnosis)
42
carl Jung
-didnt think the unconscious was inherently negative - collective unconscious -archetypes introversion and extraversion
43
collective unconscious
inherited shared memory of all human kind which is based on folklore/stories over the years and between cultures
44
archetypes
characters across folklore,, consistent characters,, anima=female,, animus=male
45
introversion
gets energy from being alone
46
extraversion
gets energy from being around others
47
karen horney
- didnt think primary social goal was sexual - love and basic anxiety - basic anxiety behavior responses - womb envy
48
love
having social connections
49
basic anxiety
no social connection and feelings of isolation
50
what are the patterns of response toward basic anxiety
toward- take social initiative and directly get rid of anxiety away- does NOT take initiative and submits to social isolation against- seeks state of social power rather than connection
51
womb envy
men envy womens ability to give life
52
alfred adler
thought the primary drive was striving for superiority and focus on self improvement - inferiority complex - superiority complex - birth order - sibling rivalry
53
inferiority complex
the tendency to ive into the feeling of inferiority and helplessness,, you are aware of your lack of self improvement
54
superiority complex
the tendency to put on a front, hyperbolize accomplishments, or appear falsely overconfident
55
birth order and sibling rivalry
birth order affects personality and siblings compete for parental attention
56
humanistic theory
abraham Maslow,, thinks that your personality is formed by what youre seeking on the pyramid
57
pyramid order top to bottom
``` self actualization self esteem love and belonging safety physical needs ```
58
self actualization
morality, creativity, spontaneity, acceptance, experience, purpose, and inner potential
59
relationship between persoality and maslow
high on the pyramid the more personality you get
60
carl rogers
goal was convergence of personality
61
convergence
actual self and ideal self
62
how is growth promoted
1. genuineness 2. acceptance 3. empathy
63
unconditional positive regard
total acceptance without judgement
64
self esteem
our self worth or value
65
self efficacy
our confidence in ourselves to do a task
66
gordon allport
cardinal traits, central traits, and secondary traits,
67
cardinal traits
traits that we have all of the time,, most dominant traits, passions, drives, that shape a persons personality
68
central traits
traits that are a majority of your personality,, your general characteristics
69
secondary traits
traits what are exhibited only in specific situations
70
ramond carttel
16 factors,, first theory to give personalities and traits words
71
hans Eysenck`
2 scales introversion and extraversion emotional stability to emotional instability
72
stability to instability
stability- calm passive and thoughtful | instability- moody, touchy, chaotic, aggressive
73
costa and McCrae
the big 5
74
the big 5
``` Openess- desire to try new things Conscientiousness- awareness of others Extraversion- outgoing and expressive Agreeableness- disposition to others Neuroticism- anxiety ```
75
Walter Mischel
cognitive affective model trait vs state marshmallow experiment
76
cognitive affective model
how you cognitively shift depending on environment
77
trait vs. state debate
consistent v. depends,, less interested in actual behavior and more about how you think through behavior and your thought process
78
marshmallow experiment
children age 4-6 were given the option to wait 5 min and get a second marshmallow or eat the one they have now. Those who waited had higher academic achievement studied delayed gratification
79
projective tests
stimuli is presented and the client projects his or her unconsciousness 1. rorschach 2. Thematic Apperception test
80
rorschach test
1. free association phase 2. inquiry phase (ink blot)
81
thematic apperception test
1. show ambiguous but emotionally evocative pictures | 2. subject tells a story to describe the scene
82
objective tests
``` longer questionnaires or surveys MMPI Myers Briggs 16 factor Big 5 ```
83
16 factor
corporate
84
big 5
public test and compares your answers to the general public
85
myers briggs
extrovert v. Introvert sensing v. intuitive thinking v. feeling perceiving v. judging
86
MMPI
400 questions,, most highly validated,, and can be used for clinical diagnosis

AP Psychology (23 decks)

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