UNit 9

Question 1

What are the 5 major attributes to walking?

Answer 1

-stability in stance, sufficient foot clearance, appropriate re positioning of the foot for initial contact, adequate step length, and energy conservation

Question 2

At what age is the child learning how to walk?

Answer 2

-10 to 12 months

Question 3

What are the 7 developmental positions for gait in order?

Answer 3

-prone, supine, side lying, sitting, quad, kneeling, and standing

Question 4

What do crawling and creeping help improve to prepare a child for gait?

Answer 4

-Antigravity control and reciprocal patterns

Question 5

What type of gait pattern can be a signs of a neurological condition such as CP or Autism?

Answer 5

-Toe Walking

Question 6

Prematurity can be the cause of what type of gait pattern?

Answer 6

-toe walking

Question 7

Decreasing time in what objects can help decrease toe walking?

Answer 7

-jumpers and walkers

Question 8

What muscle shows to be less active in toe walkers?

Answer 8

-Tib anterior

Question 9

toe walking has a positive correlation with what two impairments?

Answer 9

-language delays and learning disabilities

Question 10

What time frame does the initial walking stage take place?

Answer 10

-3 to 6 months after the child begins to walk

Question 11

What are the characteristics of initial walking?

Answer 11

-common and random loss of balance, shortened single leg stance time (32% of cycle)

Question 12

What time frame does the immature walking stage take place?

Answer 12

-2 years old

Question 13

What are the characteristics of immature walking?

Answer 13

-occasional loss of balance, single leg stance that is still shortened (34%), but longer than initial walking

Question 14

When is matture walking accomplished?

Answer 14

-age 7; mimicks adult gait

Question 15

How does the BOS present in a 1 year old walking?

Answer 15

-wide

Question 16

What do the arms do during walking in a 1 year old?

Answer 16

-no arm swing, arms remain high and abducted

Question 17

How does initial contact present in 1 year old gait?

Answer 17

-foot flat contact, no heel strike

Question 18

How does hip rotation present in 1 year old gait?

Answer 18

-exxagerated

Question 19

What do you begin to see in 18 month old gait?

Answer 19

-Heel strike

Question 20

What beings to happen with the arms in 18 month old gait?

Answer 20

-arm swing becomes more reciprocal

Question 21

What is the average cadence of 18 month old gait?

Answer 21

-171 steps/min

Question 22

How does initial contact present in 2 year old gait?

Answer 22

-heel strike 100% of the time

Question 23

What 3 things begin to happen during 2 year old gait?

Answer 23

-BOS beings to narrow, step length beings to increase, hip rotation begins to decrease

Question 24

at 2 years at 6 months, how does arm swing present?

Answer 24

-nearly normal and reciprocal

Question 25

at 2 years and 6 months, children develope more control of what movements during gait?

Answer 25

-hip ADD and ABD

Question 26

What happens to step length and cadence in gait as a child ages?

Answer 26

-Step length increases, cadence decreases

Question 27

How does the BOS present in 3 year old gait?

Answer 27

-adult like

Question 28

What is the purpose of the heel rocker (rocker I) from initial contact to foot flat?

Answer 28

-to translate the vertical component of the ground reaction force to forward progression

Question 29

What its the purpose of the ankle rock (rocker II) from loading respones to terminal stance?

Answer 29

-to control the rate of forward progression of the body

Question 30

What is the purpose of the forefoot rocker (rocker III) from pre swing to the end of stance?

Answer 30

-extend the period of ground contact via the gastroc before initiating swing