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AP Psych > Unit 9 "Development Psychology" > Flashcards

Unit 9 "Development Psychology" Flashcards

1
Q

What is development Psychology?

A

A study of growing & changing we do from zygote to death.

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2
Q

Difference between embryo, fetus, and Zygote?

A

Embryo: first 8 weeks
Zygote: fertilized egg
fetus: 9 weeks until birth

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3
Q

What’s the poison that harms the development or the baby in general when taken by the mom?
show examples

A

Teratogens

Alcohol, drugs

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4
Q

____ is when a child is physically and mentally damaged due to exposure of alcohol while in the womb

A

Fetal Alcohol syndrome

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5
Q

____ corrolated when baby dies due to being faced down

A

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

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6
Q

What do you call it when baby’s genital is not clear whether it (male or female)

A

intersex

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7
Q

____ the physical development, growing into the genetical body

A

maturation

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8
Q

____ the mood, activity level, alertness. Basically the different personalities and physical attributions of each person

A

Temperament

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9
Q

A specific time to learn develop a certain behavior or skill

A

Critical period

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10
Q

What are the 2 kinds of study In Development Psych?

Describe each

A

Cross-sectional Study and Longitudinal study
Cross-sectional: taking different groups and studying them at the same time
Longitudinal: Taking the same groups (same characteristics) and studying them for a long time

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11
Q

Explain Habituation.

A

It’s the decrease of respond/interest when the stimuli is being repeated simultaneously

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12
Q

Explain Dishabituation

A

When u see something new you tend to stare at it longer/ become more curious/ fascinated about it

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13
Q

An object that researcher’s used to observing a baby’s perspective of height and correlating to danger

A

Visual cliff

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14
Q

Explain “Stage theory”

A

The steps we need to take have to be in order. Skill learned in order

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15
Q

_____ tells us that each person develops differently by paces or order.

A

Continous development model

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16
Q

What are the “3 stage theories” and who made it?

and what’s another 1 development theory?

A

Jean Piagnet: cognitive development
Erik Eriksons: Psychosocial development
Lawrence Kohlberg: Moral development

Lev Vygotsky: Socioculture Theory

17
Q

What are the stages in “Cognitive development”
And explain each like what troubles during that stage
(in order)

A

Sensorimotor Stage: (0-2) learns to explore their environment and having trouble object permanence

Preoperational Stage: (2-7) having trouble w/
conservation, empathy, theory of mind, and egocentrism

Operational Stage: Kids start to become more logical & understand conservation. But have trouble w/ abstract ideas

Formal Operational Stage: symbolic thoughts and starts to be hypothetical

18
Q

Describe Assimilation and Accommodation?

A

Ass: Taking new info & putting it into an existing schema which was a totally different concept
Acc: Making a new schema for new info w/ different concept

19
Q

___ is when we recognize that objects continue to exist even though they’re not visible.

A

Object Permanence

20
Q

____ is an awareness that physical quantities remain constant in spite of changes in their shape? appearance

A

Conservation

21
Q

____limited abilities to share another person’s view point

A

Egocentrism

22
Q

____ the ability to infer other’s mental states

A

theory of mind

23
Q

What did the socioculture theory believe on?

A

That we learn to from others and talking to yourself gives a huge benefit in learning more

24
Q

____ is a framework to help kids learn by supporting them into higher levels of thinking

A

Scaffolding

25
Q

_______ the best place to instruct kids is between what they can do “by themselves” and what they can do w/ the “help of advanced people”

A

Zone proximal development (ZPD)

26
Q

How many stages are there in Psychosocial Development & what are they?
State all of them in order

A

8

1: Trust v. Mistrust
2: Autonomy v. Shame& doubt
3: Initiative v. guilt
4: Industry v. Inferiority
5: Identity v. Role Confusion
6: Intimacy v. Isolation
7: Generativity v. Stagnation
8: Integrity v. Despair

27
Q

what the stages of “Moral Development” and explain them w/ definitions

A

Pre- Conventional: behavior based on doing good for reinforcements and avoiding punishments

Conventional: behavior is based on “being normal” just following the norms for social approval.

Post- Conventional: doesn’t follow the rules when they know they’re right & the rules are harming/unfair to others

28
Q 
What are the 4 types of Parenting Styles?
Explain each (little summary)
A

Authoritarian: Very strict & control towards their children using threats which affects their social behaviors
Permissive: Allows kids to do whatever they want NOT STRICT
Negligence: Doesn’t care about the child AT ALL
Authoritative: Balance of Strict and letting the children express their feelings

29
Q

Explain “Sex v. Gender”

A

Sex: Biological
Gender: Social

30
Q

Explain “Social Learning Theory”

A

We learn from watching/imitating others & through Punishments and Reinforcements

31
Q

“Gender role” vs “ Gender identity”

A

gr: SOCIETY expected behavior/ attitude for male/female
gi: OUR sense of being a male or female

32
Q

Adolescence vs. Puberty

A

A: transition period from childhood to adulthood
P: the period of sexual maturation

33
Q

Spermarche vs. Menarche definition

A

S: first ejaculation
M: first menstruation

34
Q

Identity vs. Social Identity

A

I: a sense of self
SI: self concept in different groups

35
Q

____ is an emotional bond between 2 people who seek closeness and security

A

Attachment

36
Q

A child experiences _____ when separated from its primary caregiver or in an unfamiliar environment

A

Separation Anxiety

37
Q

____ is when certain animals form a strong attachment during early life (ex. geese)
ANd who created it?

A

Imprinting

Konrad Lorenz

38
Q

____ a study of how much/ quality of attachment

and who created it?

A

Strange situation

Mary Ainsworth

39
Q

Explain “Secure Attachment” vs “Insecure Attachment” provide examples

A

SA: strong attachment between child & caregiver. When left in an unfamiliar place by CG child will cry at first but can easily find comfort afterward

IA: weak attachment between child & caregiver.
When left in an unfamiliar place by CG child will keep crying or not even notice

AP Psych (16 decks)

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