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AP Psych > Unit 7 "Memory" > Flashcards

Unit 7 "Memory" Flashcards

1
Q

what’s memory and what’s it composed of w/ definition?

A

memory is retaining information coming from your senses.
Encoding: Putting something in your brain
Storage: Keeping the info in your brain
Retrieval: ability to access the info when you need it

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2
Q

When you can’t remember something, which process did the error occur? and explain

A

Encoding, you can’t fully remember something when you didn’t encode it correctly

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3
Q

____an imaginary walk on a familiar pathway

A

Method of loci

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4
Q

A type of memory where you have to see, hear or sense it in order to help it long-term.
What are the 2 kinds w/ definition & time it lasts?

A

Sensory memory
Iconic: Visual (1/4 -2secs)
Echoic: Hearing (2=3secs)

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5
Q

____ focusing on something in order to learn better/faster. It moves ____ to ______

A

Selective attention

Sensory memory —> Short term memory

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6
Q

Explain the whole process of retaining/learning something.

A

Sensory memory– Selective Attention– Short term–Consolidating (rehearsal)– long term

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7
Q

____A memory that doesn’t last long.

How long does it stay? and how much capacity can it hold?

A

Short-term memory

It stays for 20 secs & can hold 7+/- 2 items

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8
Q

___ what’s currently in the brain at the moment. You’re also using long-term memory at the same time.
(same thing as short)

A

Working memory

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9
Q

What do we do in order to increase the capacity of short-term memory?
What do we do in order to make a memory long-term?

A

Chunk

Rehearsal

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10
Q

What do you call when we generalize (automatic attribute) something due to previous experiences?

A

Schema

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11
Q

What are the 4 kinds of memory?

not short/long

A

Implicit, Explicit, Retrospective, Prospective

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12
Q

A type of memory that you have a mental picture of (remember).

A

Explicit memory

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13
Q

What are the 2 kinds of Explicit memory?

A

Episodic memory: personal experiences in life

Sematic memory: knowledge (math)

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14
Q

___ is a process to remember explicit memory.

What do you have to do?

A

Effortful process, you have to think about them in order to remember

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15
Q

A type of memory that’s about doing something (muscle memory).
And what is the other name?

A

Implicit memory, procedural memory

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16
Q

___ is a process of implicit memory has to go through.

Explain

A

Automatic Processing, effortless ability to remember things that you can do

17
Q

Any type of memory from the past

A

Retrospective memory

18
Q

A type of memory that you have to do in the future

A

Prospective memory

19
Q

What are the 3 measures of retention?

and definitions

A

Recall: remember w/o clues
Recognition: remember w/ clues
Relearning: how fast someone can learn previously learned materials

20
Q

Process in which the brain can multi-task

A

Parallel Processing

21
Q

How can you remember/learn long term when studying?

A

Spacing Effect

22
Q

Where is memory located in the brain?

A

Hippocampus

23
Q

What process do you need to go through to move info into long-term memory?

A

Memory consolidating

24
Q

A type of memory w/ unlimited capacity and can hold info for lengthy periods of time

A

Long-term memory

25
Q

what provides a neural bases for learning and remembering?

A

long term potentiation (LTP)

26
Q

What are 2 kinds of amnesia? and explain

A

Retrograde: Can’t remember something from the past
Anterograde: Can’t form new memories

27
Q

____ is exposure to one thing can later alter behavior or thoughts

A

Priming

28
Q

A type of memory where you vividly remember memories when reminded

A

Flashbulb memory

29
Q

What are the 2 theories on why we forget? And Explain

A

Decay theory: memories fade overtime

Interference theory: forget due to competition from other material

30
Q

When you can’t remember “new” info because of “old” info blocking it

A

Proactive Interference

31
Q

When you can’t remember “old” info because of “new” info blocking it

A

Retroactive Interference

32
Q

What are the 2 types of Interference theory?

A

Proactive and RetroActive interference

33
Q

When you can’t remember where/when/who you got the info from

A

Source Amnesia

34
Q

_____occurs when misleading info has distorted one’s memory of an event

A

misinformation effect

35
Q

the idea that every time you think of something from the past you CHANGE it “slightly”

A

Reconsolidation

36
Q

____ is the tendency to recall the first & last but not the middle

A

Serial Position Effect

AP Psych (16 decks)

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