“Unit 4 Sensation & Perception (VISUAL)”

Question 1

how do you perceive”brightness” in your eyes?

Answer 1

Amplitude

Question 2

How do you perceive “color/hue” in your eyes?

Answer 2

wavelength

Question 3

Name the 3 parts of the eyes how they look

Answer 3

Cornea= protects the eyes
Pupil= inner eye (black whole)
Iris= colored part of the eye

Question 4

When there’s “plenty” of light the iris opening is _____

and what is this process called called

Answer 4

smaller, constriction

Question 5

When there’s “not enough” of light the iris opening is _____. and what is this process called called

Answer 5

larger, dilation

Question 6

(Part of the eye) _____“bends the light so the image falls directly into the _____

Answer 6

lens, retina

Question 7

The “transductors” for visions. And explain how to transduce it.

Answer 7

rods and cones. They transduce the light waves into neural impulses

Question 8

A process in which the lens change shape in order to focus on the retina.
Also, explain the bent when its (distance/ near)

Answer 8

Accommodation
Distance=flattens (lens)
Near= fattens (lens)

Question 9

Explain the function of the “rods”.

Answer 9

it’s used for night vision & peripheral vision

Question 10

Explain the function of the “cones”.

Answer 10

Color, Clear, Quicker

Question 11

During sudden darkness, explain how the rods and cones adapt/ help each other

Answer 11

Sudden darkness the cones are able to use as the night vision at first then the rods will take the job (since it kinda takes time for rods to adapt)

Question 12

defined as “the whole is greater than the sum of its parts”

Answer 12

Gestalt

Question 13

What do we use to “see the pattern” in our environment?

Answer 13

Gestalt Principles

Question 14

Name the 6 Gestalt Principles and define them.

Answer 14

Phi Phenomenon= fast pace gives the illusion of movement
Figure & Ground= contrast figure in the front, and the background
Proximity= group objects that are closer
Similarity= grouping objects that are similar
Continuity= following lines that flow rather than paths that stray off
Closure= mentally close up figures that have openings

Question 15

Name the 2 kinds of “Depth Perception” and what’s their difference & how many cues?

Answer 15

Monocular cues: 1 eyes= 6

Binocular cues: 2 eyes= 1

Question 16

Name the 6 monocular cues

Answer 16

Relative size, Relative height, Interposition, Linear Perspective, Light & Shadow, Relative motion

Question 17

brain think object gets smaller when they move farther (monocular)

Answer 17

Relative size

Question 18

distance objects are higher in our plain of sight (monocular)

Answer 18

Relative height

Question 19

Object A comes between you and objects B (monocular)

Answer 19

Interposition

Question 20

parallel lines give the illusion of converging in the distance (monocular)

Answer 20

Linear Perspective

Question 21

shading provides hints of depths (monocular)

Answer 21

Light & Shadow

Question 22

close up object= faster , far objects= slower

monocular

Answer 22

Relative motion

Question 23

different vision threshold due to distance from eyes (binocular)

Answer 23

Retinal Disparity

Question 24

What are the “2 Constancy” our eyes perceive? Explain.

Answer 24

Size constancy= brain perceive object is the same size even at a distance
Color Cnostancy= brain perceive an object’s color is the same even with different lighting.

Question 25

Explain how? and where? the images go to the brain

Process it goes through

Answer 25

(light-lens–retina–optic dsick w/ (Optic nerve) –thalamus–occipital lobe– visual cortex.

Question 26

Who carries the visual neural impulses? (axons of rods & cones) and which whole it goes through?

Answer 26

Optic nerve— Optic Disk

Question 27

How does Dark and Light adaptation work?

Answer 27

Dark= pupils dilate, cones help at the beginning then  rods kick in,
light= pupils constrict

Question 28

What theory states “the combination of red, blue, green, allow us to see color”?

Answer 28

Young-Helmholtz Trichromatic (3 color) Theory

Question 29

What theory states “3 pairs of colors act antagonistically toward each other”?

Answer 29

Opponent- Process theory

Question 30

in the visual cortex, we have ____ that response to a scene’s edges, lines, angels, movements

Answer 30

Feature detectors

Question 31

____ when the brain does many things at once

Answer 31

Parallel Processing