Unit I

Question 1

Fundamental unit of life

Answer 1

Cell

Question 2

Diversity of Cells

Answer 2

Appearance and Functions

Question 3

English Scientist who discovered cells while looking at a thin slice of cork.

Answer 3

Robert Hooke

Question 4

He thought that cells only existed in plants and fungi.

Answer 4

Robert Hooke

Question 5

He used a handmade microscope to observe pond scum

Answer 5

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Question 6

He stated that cells are found both in animals and plants

Answer 6

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Question 7

Pond scum or single celled organism

Answer 7

Animalcules

Question 8

The reason why only few cell theory advancements were made.

Answer 8

Spontaneous Generation

Question 9

Who disproved Spontaneous Generation

Answer 9

Louis Pasteur

Question 10

Who discovered the nucleus

Answer 10

Robert Brown

Question 11

Random motion of particles

Answer 11

Brownian Motion

Question 12

Who coined the term “protoplasm” to describe the contents of the cell.

Answer 12

Johannes Purkinje

Question 13

Nerve cells are also called as

Answer 13

Purkinje cell

Question 14

An English Botanist who concluded that “all plant parts are made of cells’

Answer 14

Matthias Schleiden

Question 15

German Physiologist who stated that “all animal tissues are composed of cells”

Answer 15

Theodor Schwann

Question 16

German scientist who stated that “ every cell originate from another existing cell”

Answer 16

Rudolph Virchow

Question 17

Who demonstrated the first evidence of cell division

Answer 17

Rudolph Virchow

Question 18

Who is the father of Microbiology

Answer 18

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Question 19

The book where Robert Hooke describes his discoveries

Answer 19

Micrographia

Question 20

What is the Latin phrase for “All cells come from pre-existing cells”

Answer 20

Omnis cellular e cellula

Question 21

Who invented the electromicroscope

Answer 21

Vladimir Zworykin

Question 22

What are the three cell theories

Answer 22

1. All organisms are composed of cells
2. Cells are the smallest living things
3. Cells arise only from pre-existing cells.

Question 23

Founders of the Cell Theory

Answer 23

Matthias Schleiden
Theodor Schwann
Rudolph Virchow

Question 24

What are the certain structures common in cells

Answer 24

Genetic Material
Cytoplasm
Plasma Membrane

Question 25

How many statements are added in the Modern Cell Theory

Answer 25

4

Question 26

Can resolve structures that are 200nm apart

Answer 26

Light Microscope

Question 27

Can resolve structures that are 0.2nm apart

Answer 27

Electron Microscope

Question 28

Two basic types of cells

Answer 28

Prokaryotic cells Eukaryotic cells

Question 29

A Region of cytoplasm where prokaryotes genome/DNA is located

Answer 29

Nucleoid

Question 30

Small extra piece of chromosome/genetic material

Answer 30

Plasmid

Question 31

Gel like matrix of water enzymes, nutrients, wastes and gases. Location of growth, metabolism, and replication.

Answer 31

Cytoplasm

Question 32

Bacteria's way of storing nutrients

Answer 32

Granules

Question 33

Separates the cell from its environment

Answer 33

Plasma Membrane

Question 34

The discovery of this part is a major advancement in the study of prokaryotes

Answer 34

Cytoskeleton

Question 35

Short, fine appendages around the cell

Answer 35

Fimbriae

Question 36

Wind around bacteria causing movement in waves

Answer 36

Axial Filament (Endoflagella)

Question 37

Tubes that are longer than fimbriae but shorter than flagella

Answer 37

Pili

Question 38

Rod-shaped bacteria

Answer 38

Bacilli

Question 39

Spiral with rigid cell wall and flagella

Answer 39

Spirillum

Question 40

Spiral with flexible cell wall and axial filament

Answer 40

Spirochete

Question 41

Elongated coccal form

Answer 41

Coccobacilli

Question 42

Bacilli that occur in long threads

Answer 42

Filamentous

Question 43

Short, slightly curved rods

Answer 43

Vibrios

Question 44

Bacilli with tapered ends

Answer 44

Fusiform

Question 45

Characteristics of Prokaryotes

Answer 45

- Does not have nucleus - etc

Question 46

Virus are not living because?

Answer 46

- They are not made of cell - etc.

Question 47

What are the characteristics of Eukaryotic cells?

Answer 47

- Have a nucleus

Question 48

Nickname and Function of Nucleus

Answer 48

"The Control Center" Holds the DNA

Question 49

Cytoplasm is consist of?

Answer 49

- Cytosol - Organelles - etc.

Question 50

Nickname and function of Mitochondria

Answer 50

"The Powerhouse" Energy formation Breaks down food to make ATP

Question 51

It is the major fuel for a cell activities that require energy.

Answer 51

Adenosine triphosphate

Question 52

Dense particles of rRNA and protein

Answer 52

Ribosomes

Question 53

What is the function of Ribosome

Answer 53

Makes protein

Question 54

Synthesize proteins that function within the cell

Answer 54

Free Ribosomes

Question 55

Synthesize proteins incorporated into cell membrane

Answer 55

Attached Ribosomes

Question 56

Network of rods that support the cell

Answer 56

Cytoskeleton

Question 57

Thick rods composed of tubulin

Answer 57

Microtubules

Question 58

Thin filaments composed of actin

Answer 58

Microfilaments

Question 59

Tough protein fibers

Answer 59

Intermediate filaments

Question 60

Finger like projections of the plasma membrane

Answer 60

Microvilli

Question 61

Short hair like projections. It propels substances over surface of cell

Answer 61

Cilia

Question 62

Long hair like projections

Answer 62

Flagella

Question 63

Nickname and function of Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 63

"Roads" The internal delivery system of the cell

Question 64

Endoplasmic reticulum with rough appearance because it has ribosomes

Answer 64

Rough ER

Question 65

It synthesize fats or lipids

Answer 65

Smooth ER

Question 66

Nickname and function of Goligi Apparatus

Answer 66

"The Shippers" Packages, modifies, and transports materials to different location inside/outside of the cell

Question 67

It is called as "Clean-up crews" It's function is to break down food into particles so the rest of the cell can use and to destroy old cells.

Answer 67

Lysosomes

Question 68

Membranous sacs of oxidase and catalase enzymes

Answer 68

Peroxisome

Question 69

Function of Peroxisome

Answer 69

Detoxify alcohol and neutralize dangerous free radicals

Question 70

Characteristics of Plant cells

Answer 70

- Have a cell wall and cell membrane - etc.

Question 71

What is the function of Vacuoles

Answer 71

Stores water

Question 72

It traps energy from the sun to produce food for the plant cell

Answer 72

Chloroplast

Question 73

What gives the green color of the chloroplast

Answer 73

Chlorophyll

Question 74

It provides support and protection to the cell membrane

Answer 74

Cell Wall

Question 75

Characteristics of Animal cell

Answer 75

- Can not make their own food - etc

Question 76

Cells that connect body parts, form linings, or transport gases.

Answer 76

Fibroblast Erythrocytes Epithelial Cells

Question 77

Cells that connect body parts, form linings, or transport gases.

Answer 77

Fibroblast Erythrocytes Epithelial Cells

Question 78

Cells that move organs and body parts

Answer 78

Skeletal Muscle Cell Smooth Muscle Cells

Question 79

Cells that stores nutrients

Answer 79

Fat Cell

Question 80

Cell that fights diseases

Answer 80

Macrophage

Question 81

Cells that gather information and controls body functions

Answer 81

Nerve Cell

Question 82

Cell of Reproduction

Answer 82

Sperm Egg cell

Question 83

Differences of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells

Answer 83

Prokaryotic cells are smaller etc.