Upper Extremity Actions

Question 1

Upper Trapezius with origin fixed

Answer 1

Elevation of Scapula

Scapular upward rotation

Question 2

Upper Trapezius with insertion fixed - bilateral

Answer 2

Cervical Extension

Capital Extension

Question 3

Upper Trapezius with insertion fixed - unilateral

Answer 3

Extension and lateral flexion of head and neck to the same side
Rotation of head and neck to the opposite side

Question 4

Middle Trapezius

Answer 4

Adduction of Scapula

Question 5

Lower Trapezius

Answer 5

Depression of Scapula
Adduction of Scapula
Scapular upward rotation

Question 6

Rhomboid Major and Minor

Answer 6

Scapular adduction
Scapular downward rotation
Scapular elevation

Question 7

Serratus Anterior

Answer 7

Scapular abduction
Scapular upward rotation

Keeps medial border of scapula drawn anteriorly close to thoracic wall; prevents ‘winging’

Question 8

Pectoralis Minor

Answer 8

Scapular protraction/abduction
Elevation of ribs in forced
inspiration with scapula fixed
by levator scapulae

Question 9

Pectoralis Major Whole Muscle

Answer 9

Shoulder Adduction
Shoulder internal rotation
Elevation of thorax in forced inspiration (with upper extremities fixed)

Question 10

Pectoralis Major Clavicular

Answer 10

Shoulder internal rotation
Shoulder flexion
Shoulder horizontal adduction

Question 11

Pectoralis Major Sternocostal

Answer 11

Shoulder internal rotation
Shoulder flexion
Shoulder horizontal adduction

Question 12

Subscapularis

Answer 12

Shoulder internal rotation

Stabilization of GH joint

Question 13

Subclavius

Answer 13

Assist shoulder depression Depresses and moves clavicle forward

Question 14

Deltoid Anterior

Answer 14

Shoulder flexion
Shoulder internal rotation, abduction
Shoulder horizontal adduction

Question 15

Deltoid Middle

Answer 15

Shoulder Abduction

Question 16

Deltoid Posterior

Answer 16

Shoulder extension
Shoulder external rotation, abduction
Shoulder horizontal abduction

Question 17

Supraspinatus

Answer 17

Shoulder abduction

Stabilization of GH joint

Question 18

Infraspinatus

Answer 18

Shoulder external rotation

Stabilization of GH joint

Question 19

Teres Minor

Answer 19

Shoulder external rotation

Stabilization of GH joint

Question 20

Teres Major

Answer 20

Shoulder extension (from a flexed position)
	Shoulder adduction
	Shoulder internal rotation

Question 21

Coracobrachialis

Answer 21

Shoulder flexion

Shoulder adduction

Question 22

Biceps Brachii

Answer 22

Shoulder flexion (not in book)
Elbow flexion
Forearm supination
Stabilization of GH joint

Question 23

Brachialis

Answer 23

Elbow flexion

Question 24

Triceps Brachii

Answer 24

Whole: Elbow extension

Long Head: also assists in shoulder extension
and adduction

Question 25

Brachioradialis

Answer 25

Elbow flexion

Question 26

Anconeus

Answer 26

Elbow extension (weak)

Question 27

Supinator

Answer 27

Supination of forearm

Question 28

Pronator Teres

Answer 28

Pronation of forearm | Assists elbow flexion

Question 29

Pronator Quadratus

Answer 29

Pronation of forearm

Question 30

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

Answer 30

Wrist extension Radial (abduction) deviation Assist elbow flexion

Question 31

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

Answer 31

Wrist extension | Assist radial deviation

Question 32

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

Answer 32

Wrist extension | Ulnar (adduction) deviation

Question 33

Flexor Carpi Radialis

Answer 33

Wrist flexion Radial deviation (abduction) Assist elbow flexion Assist forearm pronation

Question 34

Palmaris Longus

Answer 34

Wrist flexion | Tenses palmar fascia

Question 35

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

Answer 35

Wrist flexion Ulnar deviation (adduction) Assist elbow flexion

Question 36

Extensor Digitorum

Answer 36

MP extension (2-5 digits) ``` IP extension in conjunction with the hand intrinsics (2-5 digits); without the intrinsics produces MP hyperextension ``` Assist wrist extension

Question 37

Extensor Indicis

Answer 37

MP extension of index finger IP extension in conjunction with the hand intrinsics in the index finger Assist wrist extension

Question 38

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

Answer 38

PIP flexion (2-5 digits) Assist MP flexion (2-5 digits) Assist wrist flexion

Question 39

Flexor Digitorum Profundus

Answer 39

DIP flexion (2-5 digits) Assist MP and PIP flexion (2-5 digits) Assist wrist flexion

Question 40

Extensor Digiti Minimi

Answer 40

Little finger MP and IP extension in conjunction with the hand intrinsics in little finger Assist wrist extension

Question 41

Abductor Digiti Minimi

Answer 41

Little finger abduction Assist little finger opposition May assist little finger MCP flexion and IP extension

Question 42

Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis

Answer 42

Little finger MP flexion | Assist little finger opposition

Question 43

Opponens Digiti Minimi

Answer 43

Little finger opposition

Question 44

Palmaris Brevis

Answer 44

Corrugates skin on ulnar side of hand

Question 45

Lumbricales

Answer 45

MP flexion and simultaneous IP extension 4th lumbrical assist opposition of 5th digit

Question 46

Dorsal Interossei

Answer 46

MP abduction at the index, middle and ring fingers Assist MP flexion Assist IP extension The 1st assist thumb adduction

Question 47

Palmar Interossei

Answer 47

MP adduction at the index, ring and little fingers Assist MP flexion Assist IP extension Assist opposition of digit 5 (3rd interroseus)

Question 48

Abductor Pollicis Longus

Answer 48

Thumb CMC abduction Thumb CMC extension Radial deviation Assist wrist flexion (weak)

Question 49

Extensor Pollicis Longus

Answer 49

Thumb IP extension Assist thumb MP extension Assist thumb CMC extension Assist radial deviation

Question 50

Extensor Pollicis Brevis

Answer 50

``` Thumb MP extension Thumb CMC extension Thumb CMC abduction Assist radial deviation Assist wrist extension ```

Question 51

Flexor Pollicis Longus

Answer 51

Thumb IP flexion Assist MP flexion Assist CMC flexion Assist wrist flexion

Question 52

Flexor Pollicis Brevis

Answer 52

Thumb MP flexion Thumb CMC flexion Assist thumb opposition

Question 53

Abductor Pollicis Brevis

Answer 53

Thumb CMC abduction Thumb MP abduction Assist thumb opposition Assist thumb IP extension

Question 54

Opponens Pollicis

Answer 54

Thumb CMC opposition (via simultaneous CMC flexion, abduction, and internal rotation)

Question 55

Adductor Pollicis

Answer 55

Thumb CMC adduction Assists thumb MP adduction Assists thumb MP flexion