Upper GI bleeding

Question 1

what is the presentation

Answer 1

haematemesis, malaena, haematochezia, symptoms blood loss (syncope, dyspnoea, angina, shock), occult shows iron def anaemia

Question 2

what is the most common pres

Answer 2

haematemesis, malaena

Question 3

what is the appearance of haematemesis

Answer 3

fresh, or coffee ground

Question 4

what is the appearance of malaena

Answer 4

altered blood PR- black tarry

Question 5

how long is the blood in the gut for and what is it converted to for malaena to present

Answer 5

14 hours. converted to haematin

Question 6

what is occult fecal blood

Answer 6

blood which is not visible

Question 7

what else can present with malaena

Answer 7

proximal colonic bleeds

Question 8

what is the term for fresh blood PR

Answer 8

haematochezia

Question 9

what score is used for guiding endoscopy

Answer 9

Glasgow Batchford Score

Question 10

what bloods would need to be done

Answer 10

Hb, Plts, INR, urea

Question 11

what is the initial management

Answer 11

IV line, blood products, medications- PPI

Question 12

when does the endoscopy need to be done within

Answer 12

<24 hours

Question 13

what are the causes of UGIB

Answer 13

DU- 30%. GU- 20%. erosions, Mallory Weiss tear, varices, oesophagitis, cancer

Question 14

what score is used to identify pts at risk of adverse outcome following UGIB

Answer 14

pre- age, shock, comorbidity. post- diagnosis, major SRH

Question 15

what tests are done for the presence of H pylori

Answer 15

CLO test, breath test, faecal antigen, lood

Question 16

eradication of H pylori

Answer 16

omeprazole, amoxicillin or metronidazole, clarithromycin