Viral GI infections

Question 1

what is the definition of gastroenteritis

Answer 1

inflammation of the stomach small and large intestine

Question 2

what virus is involved in sporadic gastro of infants

Answer 2

rotavirus

Question 3

what virus is involved in epidemic gastro

Answer 3

Norwalk-like virus (assoc with vomiting as well as diarrhoea)

Question 4

what virus is involved in sporadic gastro of adults

Answer 4

NLVs, calicivirus, adenovirus, astrovirus, rotavirus

Question 5

symptoms gastroenteritis

Answer 5

watery diarrhoea and vomiting. headache low fever cramps

Question 6

watery stools no blood high volume

Answer 6

toxic, hormonal diarrhoeas (severe)

Question 7

watery stools no blood low vol

Answer 7

toxic, hormonal (mild), colonic, ingestive

Question 8

grossly bloody stools high volume

Answer 8

colonic- severe or generalised

Question 9

grossly bloody stools low vol

Answer 9

colonic- mild or restricted

Question 10

fatty, foul, mushy, sticky stools

Answer 10

malabsorptive, maldigestive

Question 11

what can malapsorptive and maldigestive diarrhoea be secondary to

Answer 11

chronic diarrhoea or pancreatic dysfunction

Question 12

examples of colonic

Answer 12

UC, ischaemic colitis, diverticulitis, carcinoma colon, anxiety related

Question 13

colonic due to organisms which are involved

Answer 13

shigella, e coli, salmonella, campylobacter, C dif

Question 14

where does Crohns affect

Answer 14

mouth to anus. mainly end ileum beginning colon

Question 15

where does UC affect

Answer 15

just colon. most end of colon and rectum

Question 16

if a person is 5-15 which virus will gastroenteritis be

Answer 16

adeno, astro

Question 17

how can you tell the degree of dehydration

Answer 17

vitality, hypotension, poor skin turgor, dry mucous membranes

Question 18

how can lab diagnosis help for gastro

Answer 18

PCR, enzyme linked immunoassays

Question 19

treatment of gastro

Answer 19

rehydration, avoid anti bios, enti emetics and anti diarrhoeals

Question 20

what viruses replicate in GIT and cause D and V

Answer 20

adeno 40,41; rota; astro; adeno

Question 21

what viruses replicate in GIT and spread

Answer 21

picornavirus (polio, coxsackie, hep A); adenoviruses

Question 22

what is characteristic of the viruses that replicate in GIT

Answer 22

small non enveloped RNA viruses that are resistant to pH and environment

Question 23

how can you detect rotavirus in the stool

Answer 23

antigen ELISA in stool

Question 24

how can you detect adenovirus

Answer 24

in stools, throat and resp swabs and secretions

Question 25

how can you detect adenovirus in the stool

Answer 25

latex agglutination of adeno-antigen and adenovirus specific PCR

Question 26

what is Norovirus - Norwalk virus in what famiily

Answer 26

caliciviridae

Question 27

how can you diagnose caliciviruses

Answer 27

EM and PCR