Upper limb 2

Question 1

3 muscles of anterior/flexor compartment of arm

Answer 1

brachialis

biceps brachii

coracobrachialis

(BBC)

Question 2

Biceps brachii heads

Answer 2

2 : long & short

Long= lateral

Short= medial

Arise from scapula:

long head-> supraglenoid tubercle

short head-> coracoid process

Both heads unite at distal 1/3 of upper arm and form tendon to insert into radial tuberosity

Question 3

What joints does biceps brachii act on?

Answer 3

Shoulder

Elbow

Radio-ulnar

Question 4

Which head of biceps arise from coracoid process along with coracobrachialis?

Answer 4

Short

Question 5

Which part of the scaplua does the long head of biceps arise from and what does it run in

Answer 5

Supraglenoid tubercle

runs in bicipital groove of humerus

Question 6

Where does the tendon of biceps attach distally

(biceps tendon= union of long and short heads)

Answer 6

Radial tuberosity

Question 7

Action of biceps on glenohumeral joint and elbow joint

Answer 7

Flexion

Question 8

Biceps action on superior radio-ulnar joint

Answer 8

Supinaton

Flexion

Question 9

Nerve supply to biceps

Answer 9

Musculocutaneous nerve

(lateral cord -> C5-7)

Question 10

Action of coracobrachialis on glenhumeral joint

Answer 10

Flexion

Adduction

Question 11

Nerve supply to coracobrachialis

Answer 11

Musculocutaneous

(Lateral cord -> C5-7)

Question 12

Brachialis origin and insertion

Answer 12

Shaft of humerus -> ulnar tuberosity

(ulnar tubrosity is in the picture)

Question 13

Coracobrachialis origin and insertion

Answer 13

Coracoid process -> humeral shaft (medial)

Question 14

Brachialis action on elbow joint

Answer 14

Flexion

Question 15

Nerve supply to brachialis

Answer 15

Musculocutaneous

(lateral cord -> C5-7)

Question 16

How does musculocutaneous nerve enter arm?

Answer 16

Perforate coracobrachialis

Descend between biceps and brachialis

Then gives off a Lateral Cutanoeous Nerve branch

Question 17

Musculocutaneous nerve roots

Answer 17

C5-7

Question 18

Why is nerve called musculocutaneous?

Answer 18

Innervates anterior muscles of arm

Cutansoueus sensation to lateral aspect of forearm

Question 19

Does musculocutaneous nerve supply any muscles in forearm or hand?

Answer 19

No fucking way

Question 20

Knife in axilla damages what nerve

Answer 20

Muscluocutaneous nerve damage causing:

Paralysis of BBC muscles loss & sensation on lateral aspect of arm

Question 21

Deep artery of arm

Answer 21

Profundal brachii artery

Question 22

Median nerve pathway

Answer 22

1. Descends down: lateral side of axillary artery -> lateral side of brachial artery (upper part)
2. Crosses over the medial side of brachial artrery
3. Enters the cubital fossa

(does not branch in the axilla or arm)

Question 23

Does median nerve supply any muscles in arm?

Answer 23

No fucking way

Question 24

How does ulnar nerve enter posterior compartment?

(top right of picture)

Answer 24

Via the intermuscular septum

Then runs along medial head of triceps and medial epicondyle

(intermuscular septum= boundry between anterior and posterior compartment)

Question 25

Does ulnar nerve innervate any muscles in arm?

Answer 25

Not a bloody chance

Question 26

3 common sites of humerus and the assoaited nerve injuries

Answer 26

Surgical neck -\> axillary Medial epicondyle -\> ulnar Radial groove -\> radial

Question 27

What is the cubital fossa?

Answer 27

Triangular depression in front of elbow

Question 28

Pulsation medial to tendon of biceps brachii

Answer 28

Brachial artery

Question 29

Base (posterior border) of cubital fossa

Answer 29

Imaginary line between 2 epicondyles of humerus

Question 30

medial border of cubital fossa

Answer 30

Protonator teres

Question 31

lateral border of cubital fossa

Answer 31

Brachioradialis

Question 32

Muscle of posterior compartment of arm

Answer 32

Triceps (and anconeus)

Question 33

Triceps origin and insertion

Answer 33

**Origin** Infraglenoid tubercle -\> long head (medial) Humerus -\> medial and lateral short heads **Insertion** Olecranon process

Question 34

Olecranon process and coronoid process are on which bone?

Answer 34

Ulna

Question 35

Main action of triceps on elbow joint

Answer 35

Extension

Question 36

Anconeus function

Answer 36

Extension Stabilisation

Question 37

Triceps and anconeus innervation

Answer 37

Radial nerve (posteior cord -\> C5-T1)

Question 38

Radial nerve innervates

Answer 38

Extensor compartment of arm and forearm

Question 39

Radial nerve path

Answer 39

Enters arm anterior to long head of triceps Runs with profunda brachial artery Curves around radial groove

Question 40

Radial nerve roots

Answer 40

C5-T1 (all of the brachial plecus baby)

Question 41

Radial nerve injury sign

Answer 41

Wrist drop

Question 42

Elbow joint type

Answer 42

Synovial hinge

Question 43

Articulating parts of elbow

Answer 43

Capitulum Tochlea Radius Ulna Lateral side: capitulum -\> radius Medial side: trochlea -\> ulna

Question 44

Elbow ligaments

Answer 44

Ulnar & radial collateral

Question 45

What ligament holds the head of radius?

Answer 45

Annular ligament

Question 46

Flexors of elbow joint

Answer 46

BBC muscles

Question 47

Extensors of elbow joint

Answer 47

Triceps Anconeus

Question 48

Olecranon bursitis is AKA

Answer 48

Students elbow

Question 49

Radio-ulnar joint is a type of

Answer 49

Synovial pivot

Question 50

Supination muscles of radioulnar joint

Answer 50

Supinator Biceps brachii (most powerful)

Question 51

Pronation muscles of radioulnar joint

Answer 51

Pronator teres (most powerful) Pronator quadratus

Question 52

What is the main flexor of the elbow joint

Answer 52

Brachialis

Question 53

What are the 3 muscles that attach to the coracoid process

Answer 53

Short head of biceps Coracobrachialis Pectoralis minor

Question 54

What tendon attaches into the cubital fossa

Answer 54

Biceps brachii tendon

Question 55

What is the course of the axillary nerve

Answer 55

Posterior cord of BP v Posterior to axillary artery v Passes medially to the surgical neck of humeurs v Give off 3 terminal branches

Question 56