Upper limb 3

Question 1

Anterior compartment muscles of forearm actions

Answer 1

Flexion -> wrist and digits

Pronators -> forearm

Question 2

Superficial group of anteiror compartment muscles of forearm

(4 of them)

Answer 2

Pronator teres

Flexor capri radialis

Palmaris longus

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Question 3

Common flexor tendon attachments

Answer 3

Origin -> Medial epicondyle of humerus

Insertion -> superficial layer of anterior forearm muscles

Question 4

Pronator teres action on forearm

Answer 4

Pronation

Flexion

Question 5

Innervation of pronator teres

Answer 5

Median nerve

(lateral and medial cord -> C5-T1)

Question 6

median nerve roots

Answer 6

lateral cord -> C5-7

medial cord -> C8-T1

So, C5-T1

Question 7

What superfical anterior forearm muscles adduct and abduct the wrist (2 muscles)

Answer 7

Adduction -> flexor carpi ulnaris

Abduction -> flexor carpi radialis

(picture is of felxor carpi ulnaris)

Question 8

Innervation of superficial muscles of forearm

Answer 8

Ulnar nerve (1)

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Median nerve (3)

Protonator teres

Flexor capri rdialis

Palmaris longus

Question 9

Brachioradialis is in what compartment

Answer 9

Extensor (posterior) compartment

Funny beacuse is is a felxor in the extensor compartment - absolute madness

Question 10

Brachioradialis acts on what joint

Answer 10

Elbow

Question 11

Main action of brachioradialis and in what position

Answer 11

Flexion of elbow (in mid pronated position)

Question 12

Innervation of brachioradialis

Answer 12

Radial nerve

(as it’s in the extensor compartment remember

Question 13

Intermediate group of anterior forearm muscles

Answer 13

Flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS)

Question 14

FDS tendons attach to the

Answer 14

Middle phalanges of the fingers

(thumb is not a finger hahahahahah)

Question 15

FDS action on writs, MCP and IP joints

Answer 15

Flexion

Question 16

Does the FDS act on the distal IP joint?

Answer 16

Aboslutley…NOT

(the flexor diitorum profundus does this)

Question 17

3 muscles of deep group of anterior forearm

Answer 17

Flexor digitorum profundus (FDP

Flexor pollicus longus

Pronator quadratus

Question 18

FDP action on wrist and IP joints of digits 2-5 (not thumb obvs)

Answer 18

Flexion

Question 19

FDP dual nerve supply

Answer 19

medial part (digit 4+5) - ulnar nerve

lateral part (digit 2+3) - median nerve

Question 20

Nerve innervating flexor pollicus longus

Answer 20

Medial nerve

Question 21

Main nerve of anterior compartment of forearm

Answer 21

Median nerve

Question 22

in the cubital fossa, where is the median nerve in relation to the brachial artery

Answer 22

median nerve is medial to brachial artery

Question 23

Which muscles does the median nerve not innervate in forearm?

Answer 23

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Medial half of FDP

(ulnar nerve innervates these 2 bad boys)

Question 24

Does median nerve enter hand by passing below or above flexor retinaculum?

Answer 24

Below it baby

Question 25

How does ulnar nerve enter forearm?

Answer 25

Passing between heads of flexor carpi ulnaris

Question 26

Ulnar nerve position in relation to ulnar artery

Answer 26

Nerve medial to artery (nerve is closer to the body so it is on the outter part of the arm)

Question 27

2 terminal branches of brachial artery?

Answer 27

Radial and ulnar

Question 28

What is the carpal tunnel?

Answer 28

Passageway deep to flexor retinaculum Between scaphoid and trapezius on lateral side and psiform and hamate on medial side lateral side -\> scaphoid and trapezius medial -\> psiform and hamate

Question 29

Contents of carpal tunnel

Answer 29

Median nerve 4 tendons of FDS 4 tendons of FDP 1 tendon of FPL

Question 30

carpal tunnel syndrome is due to compression of what

Answer 30

median nerve

Question 31

Muscle contributing to palmar aponeurosis

Answer 31

Palmaris longus

Question 32

Thenar muscles main responsibility

Answer 32

Opposition of thumb (via opponens pollicis)

Question 33

3 thenar muscle

Answer 33

Abductor pollicus brevis Flexor pollicus brevis Opponens pollicus

Question 34

Innervation of thenar muscles

Answer 34

Median nerve

Question 35

Hypothenar muscles

Answer 35

Abductor digiti minimi Flexor digiti minimi Opponens digiti minimi

Question 36

Innervation of hypothenar muscles

Answer 36

Ulnar nerve

Question 37

2 heads of adductor pollicus

Answer 37

Oblique and transverse

Question 38

Adductor pollicus innervation

Answer 38

Ulnar nerve

Question 39

Which flexor tendon do lumbricals originate?

Answer 39

Flexor digitorum profundus (FDP)

Question 40

Lumbricals action

Answer 40

**Flexion -\>** metacarpophalangeal joints **Extension -\>** IP joint (2-5 digit)

Question 41

Where are interossei located?

Answer 41

Between metacarpal bones

Question 42

How many interossei?

Answer 42

4 dorsal and 3 palmar

Question 43

Actions of the palmar and dorsal interossei muscles

Answer 43

dorsal interossei -\> abduction (**DAB)** palmar interossei -\> adduction **(PAD)** **DAB and PAD**

Question 44

Innervation of interossei

Answer 44

Ulnar nerve

Question 45

Superficial and deep palmar arterial arches main contributors

Answer 45

Superficial -\> ulnar artery Deep -\> radial artery

Question 46

Does radial nerve supply any hand muscles?

Answer 46

No Only skin on back of hand

Question 47

Ulnar nerve - what it does NOT innervate in the hand

Answer 47

Thenar muscles 1st and 2nd lumbricals (innervatde by the median nerve)

Question 48

carpal bones

Answer 48

**SOME LOVERS TRY POSITIONS THAT THEY CAN'T HANDLE** s - scaphoid L - lunate t - triquetrum p - pisiform t - trapezium t - trapezioid c - capitate h - hamate

Question 49

wrist joint type

Answer 49

synovial condylor

Question 50

Articular part of wrist

Answer 50

radius lunate scaphoid triquetrum (no ulna)

Question 51

movements of wrist

Answer 51

flexion extension circumduction abduction adduction

Question 52

Anterior compartment of forearm on wrist

Answer 52

Flexion

Question 53

Extensor and flexor carpi ulnaris on wrist

Answer 53

Flexor -\> Adduction and flexion Extensor -\> extension

Question 54

abduction of wrist is caused by what muscle

Answer 54

flexor carpi radialis (also casues flexion)

Question 55

What is the action of most of posterior compartment muscles of forearm on wrist joint?

Answer 55

Extension

Question 56

innervation of lumbricals

Answer 56

Medial 2 -\> ulnar nerve Lateral 2 -\> median nerve

Question 57

What is the combined function of the flexor and extensor carpi ulnaris

Answer 57

Adduction

Question 58

What is the combined function of the flexor and extensor capri radialis?

Answer 58

Abduction

Question 59

What are the clinical fucntions of the cubital fossa

Answer 59

BP measuring Iv injections into medial cubital vein Need to know where the brachial artery is in supracondylar fractures

Question 60

What is the course of the radial nerve

Answer 60

Branches off the BP's poseior cord v Travels posteiror to axillary artery v Decscneds down the humerus' radial groove (joined by profunda biceps artery) v enters cubital fossa v Travels anterior to the lateral malloelus v Gives off too branches -\> superficial and deep Superficial branch -\> sensory to dorsum of hand Deep branch -\> posterior interosseus nerve

Question 61

What is the course of the ulnar nerve

Answer 61

Branches off the median branch of BP v Medial to axillary artery v enters intermuscular septum v posterior compartment v travels posterior to medial epicondyle v pierces heads of fexlor carpi ulnaris v travels superficial to flexor retinaculum v Enters hand via ulnar canal

Question 62

What is the course of the median nerve

Answer 62

Branches off the median and lateral cords of BP v Travels lateral to axillary artery v Travels laterally to brachial artery v Crosses to medial side of brachial artery v enters cubital fossa v travels between the FDS and FDP v gives off 2 branches v Enters the carpal tunnel

Question 63

If a questio nwas to ask what is the 'combined function' of muscles in the forearm, what is the only 2 answers that it can be

Answer 63

Adduction or aduction (think about the flexor/extensor capri ulnaris/radialis muscels)