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MSCT > Upper limb anatomy 1 (text only) > Flashcards

Upper limb anatomy 1 (text only) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the innervation of the flexor digitorum superficialis?

A

Median nerve

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2
Q

What is the innervation of the flexor carpi ulnaris?

A

Ulnar nerve

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3
Q

Where are the proximal and distal radioulnar joints located?

A

Between the radius and the ulna

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4
Q

What is the innervation of the teres minor?

A

Axillary nerve

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5
Q

Which direction does the head of the humerus typically move in a shoulder dislocation?

A

Anteriorly and inferiorly relative to the glenoid

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6
Q

What action does the biceps brachii perform?

A

Flexes arm and forearm; supinates hand

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7
Q

What action does the extensor carpi ulnaris perform?

A

Extends and adducts hand

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8
Q

What is the innervation of the flexor pollicis brevis?

A

Median nerve

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9
Q

What is the innervation of the extensor carpi radialis brevis?

A

Radial nerve

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10
Q

Which muscles comprise the superficial layer of the hand outside of the thenar and hypothenar pads?

A

Lumbricals (4), adductor pollicis

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11
Q

What action does the extensor carpi radialis longus perform?

A

Extends and abducts hands

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12
Q

What muscles comprise the anterior compartment of the forearm? (8)

A

Pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris, palmaris longus, flexor digitorum superficiales, flexor pollicis longus, flexor digitorum profundus, and pronator quadratus

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13
Q

Where is the scapulothoracic “joint” located?

A

Between the anterior surface of the scapula and the posterior/lateral thoracic wall

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14
Q

What is the collective action of the anterior compartment of the arm?

A

Flexion of the arm and supination of the hand

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15
Q

What is the innervation of the abductor pollicis brevis?

A

Median nerve

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16
Q

Where are the distal interphalangeal joints?

A

Between the middle and distal phalanx

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17
Q

What are the bones of the shoulder?

A

Humerus, scapula, and clavicle

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18
Q

What is the blood supply of the coracobrachialis?

A

Brachial artery

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19
Q

What is the blood supply of the anterior compartment of the arm?

A

Brachial artery

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20
Q

What is the innervation of the supraspinatus?

A

Suprascapular nerve

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21
Q

Which muscles comprise the hypothenar pad at the base of the little finger?

A

Abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi, opponens digiti minimi

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22
Q

What is the innervation of the posterior compartment of the arm?

A

Radial nerve

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23
Q

What is the function of the glenohumeral joint?

A

Allows for flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, and internal/external rotation of the arm

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24
Q

Which muscles comprise the deep layer of the hand?

A

Palmar interossei (3) and dorsal interossei (4)

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25
Q

What action does the extensor carpi radialis brevis perform?

A

Extends and abducts hands

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26
Q

What is the innervation of the extensor digiti minimi?

A

Radial nerve

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27
Q

What are the different classifications of a shoulder separation?

A

Grade I - slight displacement with a stretched or partially torn acromioclavicular ligament
Grade II - partial dislocation of the joint, completely torn acromioclavicular ligament, intact coracoclavicular ligament
Grade III - complete separation of the joint; acromioclavicular and coracoclavicular ligament and the surrounding capsule are all torn

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28
Q

What is the disarticulation of the head of the humerus from the glenoid called?

A

Shoulder dislocation

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29
Q

What action does the supinator perform?

A

Supinates hand

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30
Q

What is the function of the radioulnar joints?

A

Pronation/supination of the hand

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31
Q

Where is the sternoclavicular joint located?

A

Between the clavicle and the sternum

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32
Q

What is the innervation of the muscles in the anterior compartment of the arm?

A

Musculocutaneous nerve

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33
Q

What is the innervation of the muscles in the anterior compartment of the forearm?

A

Mostly median nerve; ulnar nerve innervates the flexor carpi ulnaris and the medial half of the flexor digitorum profundus

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34
Q

What is the innervation of the opponens digiti minimi?

A

Ulnar nerve

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35
Q

What is the innervation of the flexor carpi radialis?

A

Median nerve

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36
Q

What action does the coracobrachialis perform?

A

Flexes arm

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37
Q

What is the innervation of the flexor digiti minimi?

A

Ulnar nerve

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38
Q

What action does the palmaris longus perform?

A

Flexes hand

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39
Q

What is the function of the interphalangeal joints?

A

Allows for flexion and extension of the middle phalanx

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40
Q

What is the innervation of the biceps brachii?

A

Musculocutaneous nerve

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41
Q

What is the blood supply of the brachialis?

A

Brachial artery

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42
Q

Which muscle/tendon is most often involved in a rotator cuff injury?

A

Supraspinatus

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43
Q

What is the difference between an intrinsic and an extrinsic muscle of the hand?

A

Intrinsic muscles of the hand has both of its attachments in the hand; extrinsic muscles of the hand has one of its’ attachments outside of the hand

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44
Q

What is the innervation of the supinator?

A

Radial nerve

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45
Q

What action does the flexor pollicis longus perform?

A

Flexes thumb

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46
Q

What is the function of the distal and proximal radioulnar joints?

A

Supination/pronation of the hand

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47
Q

What are the movements of the scapula that occur at the scapulothoracic “joint”?

A

Elevation/depression, protraction/retraction, upward/downward rotation

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48
Q

What is the function of the metacarpophalangeal joints?

A

Allow for flexion/extension and abduction/adduction of the digits

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49
Q

Where are the proximal interphalangeal joints?

A

Between the proximal and middle phalanx

50
Q

What action does the extensor pollicis brevis perform?

A

Extends thumb

51
Q

What is the innervation of the pronator quadratus?

A

Median nerve (anterior interosseous)

52
Q

What action does the subscapularis perform?

A

Internal rotation

53
Q

What is the innervation of the extensor digitorum?

A

Radial nerve

54
Q

What action does the pronator teres perform?

A

Pronation of the hand

55
Q

Where is the acromioclavicular joint located?

A

Between the clavicle and the acromion process of the scapula

56
Q

What is the blood supply of the triceps brachii?

A

Deep brachial artery

57
Q

What action does the flexor carpi radialis perform?

A

Flexes and abducts hand

58
Q

What is the blood supply of the biceps brachii?

A

Brachial artery

59
Q

What is the innervation of the extensor indicis?

A

Radial nerve

60
Q

What muscles comprise the posterior compartment of the arm?

A

Triceps brachii

61
Q

What is the innervation of the infraspinatus?

A

Suprascapular nerve

62
Q

What is the function of the elbow joint?

A

Flexion/extension of the forearm

63
Q

What action does the flexor carpi unlaris perform?

A

Flexes and adducts hand

64
Q

Where is the elbow joint located?

A

Between the trochlear notch of the ulna and the trochlea of the humerus; between the head of the radius and the capitulum of the humerus

65
Q

What action does the extensor indicis perform?

A

Extends index finger

66
Q

Where is the wrist/radiocarpal joint located?

A

Between the distal radius and the proximal row of carpal bones

67
Q

What are the four muscles that make up the rotator cuff?

A

Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis

68
Q

What is the disarticulation of the clavicle and the acromion at the acromioclavicular joint called?

A

Shoulder separation

69
Q

What action does the triceps brachii perform?

A

Extends arm and forearm

70
Q

What is the innervation of the brachialis?

A

Musculocutaneous nerve

71
Q

Which tendon passes through a space underneath the coracoacromial ligament?

A

Supraspinatus tendon

72
Q

What is the innervation of the palmaris longus?

A

Median nerve

73
Q

What action does the abductor pollicis longus perform?

A

Abducts thumb

74
Q

What is the blood supply of the muscles in the anterior compartment of the forearm?

A

Radial and ulnar arteries

75
Q

What action does the flexor digitorum profundus perform?

A

Flexes hand, MP, PIP, and DIP joints

76
Q

What is the function of the wrist/radiocarpal joint?

A

Flexion/extension and abduction/adduction of the hand

77
Q

What is the innervation of the abductor digiti minimi?

A

Ulnar nerve

78
Q

What is the blood supply of the muscles in the posterior compartment of the forearm?

A

Radial and ulnar arteries

79
Q

What is the innervation of the extensor pollicis brevis?

A

Radial nerve

80
Q

What is the innervation of the coracobrachialis?

A

Musculocutaneous nerve

81
Q

What action does the extensor pollicis longus perform?

A

Extends thumb

82
Q

What is the collective action of the muscles of the posterior compartment of the forearm?

A

Extension of the wrist and digits, supination of the hand, abduction/adduction of the hand, extension and abduction of the thumb

83
Q

What is the innervation of the extensor carpi ulnaris?

A

Radial nerve

84
Q

What action does the extensor digitorum perform?

A

Extends hands and fingers

85
Q

What action does the teres minor perform?

A

External rotation and adduction

86
Q

What ligament creates an arch over the top of the glenohumeral joint?

A

Coracoacromial

87
Q

What are the functions of the lumbricles?

A

Flexes MP joint, extends IP joint

88
Q

What is the innervation of the dorsal interossei?

A

Ulnar nerve

89
Q

What action does the flexor digitorum superficialis perform?

A

Flexes hand, MP, and PIP joints

90
Q

What is the innervation of the triceps brachii?

A

Radial nerve

91
Q

What is the collective action of the posterior compartment of the arm?

A

Extension of the arm and forearm

92
Q

What is the innervation of the palmar interossei?

A

Ulnar nerve

93
Q

What is the innervation of the abductor pollicis longus?

A

Radial nerve

94
Q

Where are the carpometacarpal joints?

A

Between the proximal end of the metacarpals and the distal row of carpal bones

95
Q

What is the innervation of the pronator teres?

A

Median nerve

96
Q

What are the two ligaments that support the acromioclavicular joint?

A

Acromioclavicular and coracoclavicular

97
Q

What action does the extensor digiti minimi?

A

Extends little finger

98
Q

What are the functions of the dorsal interossei?

A

Abducts fingers; flexes MP joints; extends IP joints.

99
Q

What is the innervation of the flexor pollicis longus?

A

Median nerve (anterior interosseous)

100
Q

Where is the glenohumeral joint located?

A

Between the head of the humerus and the glenoid fossa of the scapula

101
Q

What action does the supraspinatus perform?

A

Initiates and assists with abducting of the arm (up to ~15º)

102
Q

Which muscles comprise the thenar pad at the base of the thumb?

A

Abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis

103
Q

What is the innervation of the opponens pollicis?

A

Median nerve

104
Q

What is the function of the distal interphalangeal joints?

A

Flexion and extension of the distal phalanx

105
Q

What is the collective action of the muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm?

A

Flexion of the wrist and digits, pronation of the hand, abduct/adduct the hand

106
Q

What muscles comprise the anterior compartment of the arm?

A

Biceps brachii, brachialis, coracobrachialis

107
Q

What is the function of the sternoclavicular and acromioclavicular joints?

A

Relatively immobile, allow for gliding motion

108
Q

What is the innervation of the flexor digitorum profundus?

A

Median nerve (anterior interosseous) to medial hal, ulnar to ulnar half

109
Q

What are the four joints of the shoulder?

A

Acromioclavicular, sternoclavicular, glenohumeral, and scapulothoracic (which really isn’t a typical joint but ¯_(ツ)_/¯ )

110
Q

What action does the pronator quadratus perform?

A

Pronates hand

111
Q

What is the innervation of the extensor carpi radialis longus perform?

A

Radial nerve

112
Q

What is the innervation of the extensor pollicis longus?

A

Radial nerve

113
Q

What is the innervation of the lumbricles?

A

Medial nerve for 1-2 (lateral); ulnar nerve for 3-4 (medial)

114
Q

What are the functions of the palmar interossei?

A

Adducts fingers; flexes MP joints; extends IP joints

115
Q

Where are the metacarpophalangeal joints?

A

Between the distal end of the metacarpals and the proximal phalanx

116
Q

What is the innervation of the subscapularis?

A

Upper and lower subscapular nerves

117
Q

What is the innervation of the of the muscles in the posterior compartment of the forearm?

A

Radial nerve

118
Q

What action does the brachialis perform?

A

Flexes forearm

119
Q

What muscles comprise the posterior compartment of the forearm? (10)

A

Extensor carpi ulnaris, extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimi, extensor incidis, abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, and supinator

120
Q

What are the important ligaments of the glenohumeral joint?

A

Glenoid labrum and the glenohumeral ligaments on the outer aspect of the capsule

121
Q

What action does the infraspinatus perform?

A

External rotation, abduction and adduction

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