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DPT 500-Anatomy and Histology > Upper Limb Final Practical Structures > Flashcards

Upper Limb Final Practical Structures Flashcards

1
Q

greater tuberosity of the humerus

A

sitting

shake hands and find acromion

move hand inward

slide inferior and lateral about an inch

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2
Q

lesser tuberosity of the humerus

A

seated

find the greater tubercle and rotate the arm laterally shaking hands

the slender ditch should be felt then as you continue to laterally rotates, the lesser tuberosity should pop out

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3
Q

intertubercular groove of the humerus

A

seated

find the greater tubercle and rotate laterally to feel the ditch

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4
Q

deltoid tubercle

A

seated

locate the acromion and slide off and lateral

halfway between shoulder and elbow will be the small mound on the lateral side

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5
Q

shaft of the humerus

A

feel distal of acromion

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6
Q

teres major

A

origin: inferior angle and lower 1/3 of lateral border of the scapula

insertion: crest of lesser tubercle of humerus

prone with arm off the table

grasp lats fibers near axilla

move fingers and thumb medially to feel the scapula lateral border; the fibers medial to the lats

follow the fibers toward axilla

resist shoulder extension

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7
Q

supraspinatus

A

origin: supraspinatus fossa of the scapula

insertion: greater tubercle of the humerus

prone

locate the spine of the scap and slide into the supraspinous fossa

fibers run parallel to spine of scap

follow the belly laterally

abduct arm against resistance

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8
Q

infraspinatus

A

origin: infraspinous fossa

insertion: greater tubercle of humerus

prone with forearm off side of table

locate the spine of scap, medial border, lateral border and lay a finger along each landmark to make a triangle around it

palpate in the triangle and laterally

lift elbow up to the ceiling

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9
Q

teres minor

A

origin: upper 2/3 of lateral border of scap

insertion: greater tubercle of humerus

prone with arm off side of table

locate superior lateral border of scap

slide laterally off the border and compress

slide thumb up into axilla and grasp the belly

ask partner to swing hand up toward head

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10
Q

subscapularis

A

origin: subscap fossa of the scap

insertion: lesser tubercle of the humerus

in side lying, flex the shoulder and pull the arm as anteriorly as possible

hold arm with one hand and locate lateral border of scap with thumb

slide thumb under lats and curl thumb onto subscap fossa

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11
Q

pec minor

A

origin: 3rd, 4th, 5th ribs

insertion: medial surface of coracoid process of scap

supine

abduct arm and place finger pads at lateral edge of pec major

slide under pec major along ribs and fingers will eventually contact pec minor

depress scap

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12
Q

subclavius

A

origin: first rib and cartilage

insertion: inferior surface of middle 1/3 of clavicle

side lying

pull arm into flexed position and pull it anteriorly allowing thumb to curl under clavicle

grab clavicle and curl thumb into underside to palpate

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13
Q

biceps brachii

A

origin: short head from coracoid process, long head from supraglenoid tubercle

insertion: tuberosity of radius and aponeurosis of biceps brachii

supine or seated

flex elbow against resistance

on the anterior surface locate the hard round belly

follow the belly distally to the elbow

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14
Q

triceps brachii

A

origin: long head from infraglenoid, lateral head from posterior surface of proximal half of humerus, medial head from posterior surface of distal half of humerus

insertion: olecranon process of ulna

prone with arm off side of table

palpate posterior arm off of deltoids down to olecranon process

ask partner to extend arm back against your resistance

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15
Q

coracobrachialis

A

origin: coracoid process

insertion: medial surface of mid-humeral shaft

supine

laterally rotate and abduct shoulder to 45 degrees

put one hand on medial side of arm and move fingers into armpit

adduct against your resistance

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16
Q

deltoids

A

origin: lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scap

insertion: deltoid tuberosity

seated

locate spine of scap, acromion, and lateral clavicle

locate deltoid tuberosity

palpate b/w these landmarks

resist abduction

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17
Q

subacromial bursa

A

seated

stand behind partner

find acromion and drop fingers off anterior edge

extend the shoulder by pulling the elbow posteriorly

palpate gently

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18
Q

brachial pulse

A

feel in medial arm between biceps and triceps

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19
Q

medial supracondylar ridge

A

seated, skake hands and locate the medial epicondyle

move proximally from medial epicondyle and the bony ridge which extends from the epicondyle is medial supracondylar ridge

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20
Q

lateral supracondylar ridge

A

seated, shake hands and locate the lateral epicondyle

move proximally and feel for bony ridge extending from the epicondyle

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21
Q

medial epicondyle

A

seated, shake hands and locate the olecranon process

slide medially off into a ditch and up onto the bony projection

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22
Q

lateral epicondyle

A

seated, shake hands and locate the olecranon process

slide laterally off into a ditch and up onto the bony projection

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23
Q

olecranon fossa

A

flex elbow and locate olecranon process

roll fingers proximally and press into the fossa (only a small crescent-shaped ditch will be accessible)

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24
Q

radial head

A

shake hands and locate the lateral epicondyle

slide distally into the small ditch b/w the humerus and radius

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25
radial tuberosity
26
radial shaft
flex elbow 90 degrees and put forearm in neutral handshake position locate the head of the radius and slide distally down the radius length near the wrist
27
radial styloid process
grasp the distal radius shaft b/w thumb and finger and slide distally to the age of the styloid process
28
listers tubercle
find the dorsal surface of the radial styloid process with your thumb slide thumb slightly across the top toward ulna head to feel
29
ulnar olecranon process
30
ulnar head
slide fingers just distally off the ulnar shaft and just proximal to the wrist the shaft will bulge to become the head of the ulna
31
styloid process of the ulna
shake hands and passively adduct the wrist use the thumb to locate posterior aspect slide distally off the head
32
brachialis
origin: distal half of anterior surface of humerus insertion: tuberosity and coronoid process of ulna seated shake hands and flex elbow to 90 degrees against your resistance and isolate the edges of the biceps belly relaxing, slide lateral half an inch off the distal biceps
33
brachioradialis
origin: proximal 2/3 of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus insertion: styloid process of radius shake hands and flex elbow to 90 degrees with forearm in neutral flex against resistance bulges out of lateral elbow, but if not, slide distal off the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus pinch belly with fingers and feel as far down as possible
34
anconeus
origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus insertion: olecranon process and posterior proximal surface of ulna locate olecranon process, proximal shaft of ulna, and lateral epicondyle lay index finger along proximal ulna and tip of middle finger upon lateral epicondyle to form a v outline of the muscles
35
supinator
origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial collateral ligament, annular ligament, and supinator crest of ulna insertion: anterior, lateral surface of proximal 1/3 of radial shaft shake hands and flex elbow to 90 degrees locate the lateral epicondyle and proximal shaft of radius and place fingerpads b/w the two and palpate deep to extensor fibers ask to alternately supinate and relax against your resistance
36
common flexor tendon
on medial epicondyle
37
pronator teres
origin: common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna insertion: middle of lateral surface of radius shake hands and flex elbow to 90 degrees and find the distal tendon of the biceps (can resist flexion to find this) slide distally of the tendon and b/w brachioradialis and flexors, move thumb into this valley follow line b/w medial epicondyle and middle radius
38
palmaris longus
origin: common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle of humerus insertion: flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis flex elbow to 90 degrees and supinate ask partner to flex wrist against your resistance if present, it will be the most medial one to pop out
39
flexor carpi ulnaris
origin: common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle of humerus and posterior surface of proximal 2/3 of ulna insertion: pisiform, hook of hamate, and base of 5th metacarpal shake hands, flex elbow to 90 degrees, and supinate locate the distal tendon at the pisiform slide proximally to slide off distal tendon and move up towards medial epicondyle while partner adducts wrist against your resistance
40
flexor digitorum superficialis
origin: common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle of humerus, ulnar collateral ligament, coronoid process of ulna, interosseous membrane, and proximal shaft of radius insertion: sides of middle phalanges of 2-5 fingers flex elbow and wrist to 90 degrees slide just off ulnar shaft into flexors squeeze tips of pinky and thumb together then relax to feel contraction
41
pronator quadratus
origin: medial, anterior surface of distal ulna insertion: lateral, anterior surface of distal radius shake hands and find the radial styloid process feel with thumb b/w radius and tendons pronate ever so slightly to elicit small contraction
42
common extensor tendon
origin: distal 1/3 of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus (longus) and common extensor tendon from lateral epicondyle of humerus (brevis) insertion: base of 2nd metacarpal (longus) and base of 3rd metacarpal (brevis)
43
extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis
origin: distal 1/3 of the lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus (longus) and common extensor tendon from the lateral epicondyle of humerus (brevis) insertion: base of 2nd metacarpal (longus) and base of 3rd metacarpal (brevis) shake hands and flex elbow to 90 degrees slide laterally off the brachioradialis ask partner to abduct and relax wrist against your resistance follow fibers distally
44
extensor carpi ulnaris
origin: common extensor tendon from the lateral epicondyle of humerus insertion: base of 5th metacarpal shake hands and flex elbow 90 degrees and find the shaft of the ulna to slide off laterally ask partner to adduct wrist against your resistance follow to the tendon distally past the ulna head
45
extensor digitorum
origin: common extensor tendon from the lateral epicondyle of humerus insertion: bases of middle and distal phalanges of 2-5 fingers shake hands and flex elbow to 90 degrees extend wrist and fingers and follow distally
46
radial collateral ligament
lateral epicondyle of humerus to annular ligament and lateral side of ulna shake hands and locate the lateral epicondyle of humerus and head of radius, there will be a ditch b/w these structures place finger in the ditch and roll over ligament
47
ulnar collateral ligament
medial epicondyle of humerus to coronoid process of ulna and olecranon process with elbow flexed find the medial epicondyle and olecranon process and place thumb b/w them
48
radial pulse
on thumb side
49
ulnar nerve
between olecranon process and medial epicondyle
50
annular ligament
wraps around head and neck of radius elbow flexed, put thumb pad on head of radius passively pronate and supinate
51
scaphoid
locate the radial styloid process and slide thumb distally into the ditch where the scaphoid will be adduct-protrudes abduct-disappear
52
lunate
locate lister's tubercle and base of 3rd metacarpal at the proximal end by listers tubercle flex wrist and the lunate will press into your finger
53
triquetrum
palm facing away from you, locate the ulnar styloid process slide distally into ditch and back up onto its surface abduct=protrude adduct=disappear
54
pisiform
locate the flexor crease and slide slightly distal to feel thick tissue of palm for the nugget-like pisiform
55
hamate
locate the pisiform and picture a line to the index finger and slide off pisiform following this line about half an inch
56
capitate
locate lister's tubercle and base of 3rd metacarpal at the distal end near the base of the 3rd metacarpal passively flex wrist for capitate to roll into your finger filling its own cavity
57
trapezoid
58
trapezium
on the dorsal radial side find the scaphoid and slide distally
59
metacarpal head
distal portion of the metacarpals
60
metacarpal base
proximal portion of the metacarpals
61
metacarpal shaft
length of the metacarpals
62
phalange base
proximal portion
63
phalange shaft
length of phalange
64
phalange head
distal portion
65
abductor pollicis longus
origin: posterior surface of radius and ulna, and interosseous membrane insertion: base of 1st metacarpal
66
extensor pollicis longus
origin: posterior surface of ulna and interosseous membrane insertion: base of distal phalynx of thumb
67
extensor pollicis brevis
origin: posterior surface of radius and interosseus membrane insertion: base of proximal phalynx of thumb
68
extensor indicis
origin: posterior surface of distal shaft of ulna and interosseous membrane insertion: tendon of extensor digitorum at the level of the 2nd metacarpal
69
adductor pollicis
origin: capitate, 2nd and 3rd metacarpals insertion: base of proximal phalynx of thumb
70
anatomical snuff box
extensor pollicis brevis and abductor pollicus longus tendons laterally extensor pollicus longus tendon medially extend thumb out and the tendons form a trough
71
flexor retinaculum/transverse carpal ligament
put thumbpad on partner's flexor crease of wrist and slide half an inch distally to feel the thick tissues of the heel of the hand flex and extend the hand to feel
72
thenar eminence
tissue on the thumb side palm
73
hypothenar eminence
tissue on pinky side palm
74
posterior joint line of the shoulder
slide off the posterior side of the acromion before the humerus
75
anterior joint line of the shoulder
slide off the anterior side of the acromion b4 the humerus
76
transverse humeral ligament
medial rotate the arm to get to the lesser tub and it’s the lig that connect greater and lesser small palpation horizontally driven
77
coracoclavicular ligament
seated abduct and medially rotate the shoulder find the coracoid process and shaft of clavicle and palpate b/w the 2
78
AC ligament

DPT 500-Anatomy and Histology (12 decks)

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