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Flashcards in URBAN FOR TEST Deck (23)
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1
Q

What is urbanisation?

A

When an increasing amount of people come to live in towns and cities, common today in LICs & NEEs.

2
Q

What is rural to urban migration?

A

Moving from the countryside into cities and towns

3
Q

What is a megacity and how many are there?

A

A megacity is an urban area with a population in excess of 10 million people, as of 2015 there are 21 mega cities

4
Q

What was done as part of the Favella Bairro Project in Rio?

A

Paved & formally named roads, access to water supply & drainage system, hillsides secured to prevent landslides, building of new education, health & leisure facilities

5
Q

What issues have arisen since the Favella Bairro Project has taken place?

A

Budget has not covered every Favela, new infrastructure not maintained and residents do not know how to make repairs, rents are rising in the improved favelas.

6
Q

Where is Mumbai?

A

The West Coast of India, in the Maharashtra State.

7
Q

What importance does Mumbai have to India?

A

Wealthiest city in India, accounts for 6% of its GDP, most globalised city in India

8
Q

What importance does Mumbai have to the world?

A

One of the world’s top 10 centres of commerce in terms of global financial flow, good shipping links with Europe, America & the Middle East making it a good area for trade

9
Q

What opportunities are in Mumbai?

A

$1bil products produced yearly, recycling is a massive industry with 80% of waste being recycled, low crime rates, 15,000 factories, everything is in a few yards which means people walk everywhere

10
Q

What Challenges are there in Mumbai?

A

40% live in poor quality housing or on the streets, many live in illegal squatter settlements, rivers used to dispose of waste, 95% of households do not have access to the recommended amount of water

11
Q

What is sustainability?

A

Something that can be continued without causing harm to people and the environment, now and in the future

12
Q

What are the 3 main strands of sustainable urban living?

A

Water and energy conservation, waste recycling, creating green space

13
Q

Name an example of a sustainable community in the UK

A

BedZED - Beddington, London

UK’s largest sustainable community

14
Q

What is done in BedZED to make it a sustainable area?

A

Effluent treated on site so it can be re-used for flushing toilets, triple glazing & south facing windows reduce energy use for heating by 81%, 60% of waste recycled by placing it in desperate bins, roofs covered with plants for green space & habitat

15
Q

What is an integrated transport system?

A

Transport linking to one another so it is easily accessible

e.g in Newcastle - buses to metro stations

16
Q

How has public transport use increased in the UK?

A

Bus lanes for quicker public transport, Congestion charges in London & Durham, bike to work scheme offering tax free bikes

17
Q

What has been done in Freiburg to increase public transport use and reduce car use?

A

400km of cycle paths, car parking restrictions, traffic plan updated every 10 years

18
Q

What has happened as a result of these measures in Freiburg?

A

Car journeys decreased by 300,000 and tram journeys increased by 25,000

19
Q

What has been done in Beijing to encourage public transport use and discourage car use?

A

Apply to own a vehicle, 30 new metro lines, increased parking fees, congestion charge & pollution tax

20
Q

What has been the result of this in Beijing?

A

20% decrease in car use and 12% drop in car park usd

21
Q

Where is London?

A

South East England, capital city of the UK - in between North America and Europe making it a good location for trade

22
Q

What opportunities are there in London?

A

London has highest UK non-white population {38%}, GVA over £274bil, largest economic contributor to the UK, 38% open green space with only 14% buildings

23
Q

What Challenges are there in London?

A

Population growing by 100,000 yearly but only 20,000 homes being built, over 2 million living in poverty, 10% unemployment rate between Oct - Dec 2011 (higher than 8.4% UK average)