Urbanisation and Rio Case Study 2A

Question 1

urban area

Answer 1

cities, towns

Question 2

rural areas

Answer 2

countryside, villages

Question 3

urbanisation

Answer 3

increase in percentages of a country’s population living in urban areas

Question 4

megacity definition

Answer 4

urban areas with population more than 10 million people

Question 5

HIC and example

Answer 5

High Income Country (UK) - richest countries

Question 6

LIC and example

Answer 6

Low Income Country (Nepal) - poorest countries

Question 7

NEE and example

Answer 7

New Emerging Economy (Nigeria) - starting to become rich countries

Question 8

population

Answer 8

number of people in a place

Question 9

migration

Answer 9

moving from one area to another

Question 10

urban change

Answer 10

global pattern leads increasing urbanisation which is more people moving to urban areas

Question 11

Urbanisation trend in HIC’s

Answer 11

urbanisation rate is slowing as 80% have already moved to urban cities

Question 12

urbanistation trend in LIC/NEE

Answer 12

urbanisation rate is speeding up as more are moving to urban areas

Question 13

amount of megacities in 2015 and estimated 2050

Answer 13

2015 - 28 megacities, 2050 - 50 megacities estimated

Question 14

rural to urban migration?

Answer 14

people move from rural (countryside’s) to urban (cities) areas

Question 15

push factors definition and example

Answer 15

people migrate from rural areas for negative reasons like famine

Question 16

pull factors definition and example

Answer 16

people migrate to urban areas for positive reasons like better job opportunities

Question 17

natural increase

Answer 17

birth rate is higher than death rate leading to population increase

Question 18

regional

Answer 18

a small area

Question 19

national

Answer 19

a whole country

Question 20

international

Answer 20

across more than one country

Question 21

manufacturing

Answer 21

making things in factories

Question 22

industry

Answer 22

processing raw materials and manufacturing goods (usually in factories)

Question 23

goods

Answer 23

items that can be bought and sold

Question 24

import

Answer 24

buying goods from abroad

Question 25

export

Answer 25

selling goods to another country

Question 26

location of Rio

Answer 26

Rio De Janeiro, Brazil, South America (second largest city)

Question 27

regional importance

Answer 27

provides schools, hospitals, universities, opportunities for employment, leisure and recreation

Question 28

national inportance

Answer 28

Headquarters is located there for mining and oil companies, specialises in clothing, processed food, chemicals and pharmaceuticals

Question 29

international importance

Answer 29

Hosted the 2016 Olympics and Paralympic games, hosted the 2014 World Cup, has lots of tourism for the Statue of Christ the Redeemer

Question 30

Statistics of urban growth in Rio 1950’s to now

Answer 30

since 1950's population in the city has become three times larger and now has a population of 6.5 million and areas that surround it have a further 13.5 million people

Question 31

what are the two causes of urban growth and what are they in Rio

Answer 31

1) migration - rural to urban migration leads to population increase as there are more opportunities in Rio 2) natural increase - migrants are of working age and have children which increases birth rate over death rate

Question 32

Percentage of slums in Rio (negative)

Answer 32

22% of the city live in slums that have overcrowded housing

Question 33

clean water problems in Rio (negative)

Answer 33

illegal taping and leaks lead to a third of water loss

Question 34

sanitation issues in Rio (negative)

Answer 34

many use pit latrines which is the sewage in soil and rivers

Question 35

energy issues in Rio (negative)

Answer 35

power cuts are common as electricity supply is overwhelmed

Question 36

Why are access to services bad in Rio (negative)

Answer 36

slums reduce access to healthcare and school attendance

Question 37

unemployment percentage in slums and crime rate statistics for Rio (negative)

Answer 37

unemployment over 20% in slums, 1/3 of people work in the informal economy so less taxes are paid to government to fix city, criminal gangs involved in vandalism and drugs

Question 38

waste disposal in Rio (negative)

Answer 38

waste isn't collected regularly so makes streets narrower and ends up in rivers or bays

Question 39

air and water pollution in Rio (negative)

Answer 39

air - pollution levels are high from industries and traffic water - untreated sewage from slums is let into rivers and bays

Question 40

traffic congestion fact for Rio (negative)

Answer 40

has one of the highest levels of congestion in South America

Question 41

healthcare access in urban compared to rural in Rio (positive)

Answer 41

High access to healthcare compared to rural areas

Question 42

education and statistic in Rio (positive)

Answer 42

access to schools and universities (95% of kids above 10 are literate)

Question 43

water supply and why in Rio (positive)

Answer 43

good infrastructure was set up from the 2016 Olympics (90% mains supply)

Question 44

energy in urban compared to rural in Rio (positive)

Answer 44

power supply is more reliable in city compared to rural areas

Question 45

industrial areas in Rio (positive)

Answer 45

employment opportunities are available in Rio's five ports through the export of coffee, sugar and iron ore which led to improvements of services, roads and transport

Question 46

What is the Favela Bairro Project

Answer 46

The upgrading of favelas where materials are given to residents to improve their homes while installing infrastructure like roads, water, electricity etc. Access to fresh water and sanitation is provided along with cable cars to transport workers to and from work. Project is costly due to rapid population growth and requires maintenance