Urinary System

Question 1

The Ureters, Urinary Bladder, and Urethra make up what?

Answer 1

The urinary tract

Question 2

What is the only part of the urinary tract that is Infraperitoneal?

Answer 2

Urinary Bladder

Question 3

Which embryonic structures give rise to pairs of pronephros, mesonephros, and metanephros?

Answer 3

Urogenital Ridges

Question 4

Which excretory organ takes over urine production by week 10 and goes on to form adult kidney?

Answer 4

Metanephros

Question 5

In which part of the body would you find three layers of smooth muscle collectively called the detrusor muscle

Answer 5

Urinary Bladder

Question 6

The mucosa, which is the innermost tunic of the urinary bladder, contains which type of epithelium?

Answer 6

Transitional Epithelium

Question 7

The posteroinferior triangular area of the urinary bladder is defined by the two ureteral openings and the urethral opening is called the what?

Answer 7

Trigone

Question 8

In males, the urinary bladder lies anterior to the rectum and superior to which gland?

Answer 8

The prostate gland

Question 9

There are two of these fibromuscular tubes that connect the kidneys to the urinary bladder.

Answer 9

Ureters

Question 10

Which layer/tunic can be found inside the walls of the urinary bladder but not the ureters?

Answer 10

Submucosa layer, which is made of dense irregular connective tissue that supports the urinary bladder wall.

Question 11

What is the 6-step path of urine draining from the nephron? CPMMRU

Answer 11

Collecting duct, papillary duct, minor calyx, major calyx, renal pelvis, ureter

Question 12

Which component of the nephron facilitates the reabsorption of sodium and chloride ions?

Answer 12

Loop of Henle

Question 13

Which tubule in the nephron responds to ADH and aldosterone?

Answer 13

Distal convoluted tubule

Question 14

Which tubule is between the Bowman’s capsule and the loop of Henle?

Answer 14

Proximal convoluted tubule

Question 15

What’s the effect of ADH entering the nephron through the distal convoluted tubule?

Answer 15

Increased water reabsorption

Question 16

What’s the effect of aldosterone entering the nephron through the distal convoluted tubule?

Answer 16

Increased sodium reabsorption

Question 17

Any nutrients that sneak through the glomerulus into the Bowman’s capsule are reabsorbed by what?

Answer 17

Proximal convoluted tubule

Question 18

The Juxtaglomerular apparatus is a collection of structures associated with ________ that help with what?

Answer 18

Nephron and help regulate blood pressure.

Question 19

Renin is released to increase blood pressure when blood pressure drops too low, which cells secrete this?

Answer 19

Granular cells/ (juxtaglomerular cells)

Question 20

Where are kidneys located in conjunction with peritoneal?

Answer 20

Retroperitoneal

Question 21

Where is urinary bladder located in conjunction with peritoneal?

Answer 21

Infraperitoneal

Question 22

An apex/tip of a renal pyramid is called what?

Answer 22

Renal papilla

Question 23

Renal pyramids are located in which part of the kidney, renal cortex or renal medulla?

Answer 23

Renal Medulla

Question 24

In the kidney, what is the space in between each renal pyramid called?

Answer 24

Renal columns

Question 25

What two structures minor and major must the fluid in the renal pyramids pass through to reach the renal pelvis and ureter?

Answer 25

Minor and Major calyx

Question 26

The 8-15 renal lobes of kidney contain which two parts?

Answer 26

Cortical tissue and renal pyramid.

Question 27

The macula dense are located in which convoluted tubule?

Answer 27

Distal convoluted tubule.

Question 28

The macula densa stimulate granular cells and monitor what?

Answer 28

Ion concentration.

Question 29

Which arteriole is this?

Answer 29

Afferent arteriole

Question 30

Which arteriole is this?

Answer 30

Efferent arteriole

Question 31

The renal corpuscle contains which part of nephron?

Answer 31

Bowman's capsule

Question 32

Which part of embryonic development gives rise to the calyces, renal pelvis, and ureter?

Answer 32

Ureteric Bud

Question 33

What gives rise these three structures?

Answer 33

Urogenital ridges

Question 34

Renal fascia is dense irregular connecting tissue anchoring which organ to posterior abdominal wall?

Answer 34

Kidney

Question 35

The interlobular veins are the smallest veins in which organ?

Answer 35

Kidney

Question 36

In the kidneys, the renal arteries flow into which arteries before the interlobular artery?

Answer 36

Segmental artery

Question 37

Blood leaves the glomerulus through which arteriole?

Answer 37

Efferent arteriole

Question 38

The vasa recta is associated with which part of the kidney, the nephron or the covulated tubules?

Answer 38

Nephron