Urinary System

Question 1

What is the function of the urinary system?

Answer 1

to sequester waste from the blood for removal while maintaining water and electrolyte balance.

Question 2

About how many liters of blood do the kidneys filter a day?

Answer 2

5 L about 20 times a day.

Question 3

Where is urine formed?

Answer 3

in the kidneys

Question 4

Where are the kidneys located?

Answer 4

posteriorly adjacent to the 12th rib

Question 5

What is around the kidneys to protect them?

Answer 5

fatty deposits

Question 6

Are the kidneys symmetrical?

Answer 6

no; the left is higher than the right

Question 7

Where do the ureters carry the urine to?

Answer 7

urinary bladder

Question 8

What exits the urinary bladder and takes the urine outside the body

Answer 8

urethra

Question 9

What are the two regions of the kidneys?

Answer 9

renal cortex and renal medulla

Question 10

What is the outer portion of the kidney?

Answer 10

renal cortex

Question 11

What makes up the inner portion of the kidney and is arranged in renal pyramids?

Answer 11

renal medulla.

Question 12

What separates the renal pyramids?

Answer 12

renal columns

Question 13

What is the connective tissues sheath surrounding the kidney?

Answer 13

renal capsule.

Question 14

Urine drains from the collecting duct into the renal _________.

Answer 14

papilla

Question 15

urine drains from the renal papilla to the _________.

Answer 15

minor calyx.

Question 16

urine then goes from the minor calyx to the ________.

Answer 16

major calyx.

Question 17

After the urine exits the major calyx to the renal _____.

Answer 17

pelvis

Question 18

After urine exits the renal pelvis, it goes to the ______ and then the __________

Answer 18

ureters; urinary bladder

Question 19

what is the final passageway for urine?

Answer 19

Urethra —-> toilet.

Question 20

What are the muscular tubes that transport urine from the kidney to the bladder?

Answer 20

Ureters

Question 21

How do ureters transport urine?

Answer 21

peristalis

Question 22

What are the two tissues that are found in the urinary bladder?

Answer 22

smooth muscle called detrusor and transitional epithelium.

Question 23

What is the specialized muscle that will squeeze out urine when necessary?

Answer 23

detruosr.

Question 24

What is the specialized muscle that will stretch to increase the volume?

Answer 24

Transitional Epithelium.

Question 25

How much urine can the bladder store?

Answer 25

600-1000mL

Question 26

When does the bladder signal to void?

Answer 26

at about 250mL

Question 27

What marks the point of an anatomical triangle?

Answer 27

The trigone,

Question 28

What is is a tube that carries urine from the bladder to outside of the body?

Answer 28

The urethra

Question 29

What regulate the removal of urine?

Answer 29

Urethra sphincters

Question 30

What is the sphincter between the urinary bladder and the urethra; involuntary?

Answer 30

Internal urethral sphincter.

Question 31

What is the sphincter between the urethra and the outside of the body; voluntary?

Answer 31

External urethral sphincter

Question 32

How long is the mans urethra?

Answer 32

6-8 inches.

Question 33

How long is a woman's urethra?

Answer 33

1-2 inches.

Question 34

What are the three parts of a male's urethra?

Answer 34

prostatic urethra, membranous urethra, and penile urethra.

Question 35

Where is the external urethral sphincter in the male's urethra?

Answer 35

In the membranous urethral (Intermediate)

Question 36

What is the process of removing wastes and excess material from the body?

Answer 36

excretion

Question 37

What will the kidneys remove?

Answer 37

excess solutes like Na+, Cl-, K+, and H+, nitrogenous wastes, and water.

Question 38

What is the process of reclaiming solutes and water from the urinary system back into the blood?

Answer 38

reabsorption

Question 39

What is the functional unit of the kidney

Answer 39

nephrons

Question 40

What is the pathway to the kidney?

Answer 40

1. Renal Artery 2. Segmental Artery 3. Lobar Artery 4. Interlobar Artery 5. Arcuate Artery 6. Interlobular Artery 7. Afferent Arterioles

Question 41

What is the pathway from the kidney?

Answer 41

1. glomerular capillary bed. 2. efferent arteriole 3. interlobular veins 4. arcuate vein 5. interlobar vein. 6. renal vein 7. heart.

Question 42

how many nephrons are there in a kidney?

Answer 42

1 million

Question 43

What are the three purposes that occur within the nephron to form urine?

Answer 43

filtration, reabsorption, and secretion

Question 44

What is the purpose of PCT?

Answer 44

reabsorbing glucose into the peritubular capillaries.

Question 45

What is the purpose of the loop of Henle?

Answer 45

Absorbs water and NaCl and aids in regulating final urine volume.

Question 46

What is the goal of DCT?

Answer 46

absorbs water, salts andother nutrients, and secretes wates that escapes filtration.

Question 47

What does the collecting duct do?

Answer 47

nothing to do with secretion or absrbtion.

Question 48

What is the first portion of the nephron?

Answer 48

Bowman's capsule

Question 49

What surrounds the glomerulus?

Answer 49

Bowman's capsule.

Question 50

What occurs at the Bowman's capsule?

Answer 50

filtration.

Question 51

What happens to any portion of the blood that is too large to pass into the nephron?

Answer 51

IT will move through the efferent arteriole to stay in the blood stream.

Question 52

Which one is bigger, the afferent arteriole or the efferent arteriole?

Answer 52

The afferent arteriole.

Question 53

Where does reabsorption occur?

Answer 53

in the primary convoluted tubule (PCT).

Question 54

What occurs in the Loop of Henle?

Answer 54

Water and NaCl balance.

Question 55

Where is urine concentrated?

Answer 55

In the Loop of Henle

Question 56

Where does secretion happen?

Answer 56

At the distal convoluted tubule

Question 57

What is the movement of substances from the blood stream into the lumen of the nephron?

Answer 57

secretion.

Question 58

What are some secreted substances?

Answer 58

medication, drugs, chemicals, toxins, and ions

Question 59

Where is the final product of urine collected?

Answer 59

in the collecting duct

Question 60

What is the pathway of urine?

Answer 60

renal papilla -> minor calyx -> major calyx -> renal pelvis -> ureters -> urinary bladder -> urethra -> toilet.

Question 61

What do the juxtaglomerular cells do?

Answer 61

detect BP.

Question 62

what detects ion concentration?

Answer 62

Maculla densa

Question 63

What regulates urine volume and concentration?

Answer 63

the apparatus.