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Chemistry: 1 > Using Limestone > Flashcards

Using Limestone Flashcards

1
Q

What is limestone often formed from?

A

sea shells

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2
Q

What compound is limestone mainly made up of?

A

Calcium carbonate

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3
Q

How do we get limestone?

A

We quarry it out of the ground

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4
Q

What is limestone great for making into?

A

Blocks for building with

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5
Q

What property of limestone made people use it when building structures?

A

It’s quite STURDY

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6
Q

What is the chemical formula for calcium carbonate?

A

CaCO3

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7
Q

What does calcium carbonate make when it THERMALLY DECOMPOSES?

A
  1. Calcium oxide 2. Carbon dioxide
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8
Q

What are the word and symbol equations of the decomposition of calcium carbonate?

A

Calcium carbonate -> calcium oxide + carbon dioxide

CaO3 (s) ——–> CaO(s) + CO2 (g)

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9
Q

Define thermal decomposition

A

When one substance CHEMICALLY changes into at least 2 NEW substances when it is HEATED

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10
Q

Which other 4 carbonates decompose the same way as calcium carbonate? Give an example

A
  1. Copper
  2. Zinc
  3. Sodium
  4. Magnesium:

magnesium carbonate->magnesium oxide+carbon dioxide

MgCO3 ——-> MgO + CO2

(REMEMBER these are CARBONATES not just the elements)

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11
Q

Why might you have difficulty doing a thermal decomposition reaction in class with some of the Group 1 metal carbonates?

A

A Bunsen burner CAN’T reach a HIGH enough temperature to thermally decompose some CARBONATES of Group 1 metals

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12
Q

What are the 3 products when calcium carbonate reacts with an acid?

A
  1. a calcium SALT (i.e. calcium chloride)
  2. Carbon dioxide
  3. Water
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13
Q

Give the word and symbol equations for calcium carbonate reacting with sulphuric acid

A

Calcium carbonate + sulphuric acid -> calcium sulphate + carbon dioxide + water

CaCO3 + H2SO4 ——-> CaSO4 + CO2 + H2O

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14
Q

Which other 4 carbonates react with acids in the same way as calcium carbonate?

A
  1. Copper 2. Zinc 3. Sodium 4. Magnesium

(HINT these are the same carbonates that thermally decompose in the same way as calcium carbonate)

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15
Q

What is the product when calcium oxide reacts with water?

A

Calcium hydroxide

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16
Q

What are the word and symbol equations for when calcium oxide reacts with water?

A

calcium oxide + water ——-> calcium hydroxide

CaO + H2O ——-> Ca(OH)2

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17
Q

What does the reaction between calcium carbonate and acid mean? (think buildings)

A

That limestone is damaged by acid rain

18
Q

What 2 things can calcium hydroxide by used for, and why (for 1st one)?

A
  1. For neutralising acidic soil in fields : It is an alkali
  2. To test for carbon dioxide (in gas)
19
Q

What is the advantage of using calcium hydroxide for neutralising soil in fields over powdered limestone?

A

Calcium hydroxide works much quicker than powdered limestone

20
Q

What other substance, beside calcium hydroxide, can be used to neutralise acidic soil?

A

Powdered limestone

21
Q

Explain step by step how a test for carbon dioxide in a gas using calcium hydroxide works?

A
  1. You mix the calcium hydroxide with WATER to form a solution called LIMEWATER
  2. Bubble GAS through it
  3. The solution will turn CLOUDY if there’s carbon dioxide in the gas
22
Q

What causes the cloudiness in the limewater test?

A

The formation of CALCIUM CARBONATE

23
Q

What are the word and symbol equations for the reaction that happens in limewater (calcium hydroxide)

A

Calcium hydroxide + carbon dioxide -> calcium carbonate + water

Ca(OH)2 + CO2 ——-> CaCO3 + H20

24
Q

What is the other name for calcium oxide?

25
Draw the 3 stages of the lime cycle
26
Draw and annotate the 4 stages and in-between bits of the lime cycle
27
What is the process where carbon gas is bubbled through calcium hyrdoxide (slakedlime) called?
Carbonation The slakedlime is carbonated
28
How do you make cement out of powerdered limestone?
**Heat** the powered limestone in a kiln with **powered clay**
29
What 2 substances can be made out of mixing cement with things?
1. Mortar 2. Concrete
30
Cement can be mixed with ____ and ____ to make \_\_\_\_
Cement can be mixed with **sand** and **water** to make **_mortar_**
31
What is mortar useful for?
**Sticking** together **bricks**
32
What other substance can be added to mortar?
Calcium hydroxide
33
How do you make cement into concrete?
Mix the cement with **sand** and **aggregate** (water and gravel)
34
What is 'aggregate'?
**Water** and **gravel**
35
Name the 5 disadvantages of quarrying limestone
1. **Scars** the landscape 2. Quarrying process creates lots of **noise and dust** in quiet, scenic areas 3. **Destroys habitats** of birds and animals 4. _Transportation_ of quarried limestone causes more **noise and pollution** 5. **_Waste materials_** produce unsightly **tips**
36
Name the 2 ways making things from limestone causes pollution, and the effects of them
1. _Cement factories_ make a lot of **dust**, which can cause **breathing problems** for some people 2. **Energy** is need to produce _cement_ and _quicklime_ - will probably come from **burning fossil fuels** which causes **pollution**
37
Name the 4 good things limestone can be used for
1. Used in **making** houses, roads, chemicals used in dyes and paints in medicines 2. **Neutralise acidic soil** 3. **Neutralise lakes** and **rivers** made acidic by _acid rain_ 4. Usind in _power station chimneys_ to **neutralise sulfur dioxide**, which is a cause of _acid rain_
38
Name a human benefit of quarrying limestone
The quarry and associated business provide **jobs** for people and bring money into the **local economy**. This can lead to **local improvements** in transport, roads, recreation facilities, and health.
39
Do quarrying firms just up and leave the local landscape in disarray?
_Not usually_ Once quarrying is complete, **restoration** and **landscaping** is normally required as part of the **planning permission**
40
Name 10 advantages of using limestone products
1. Limestone, conctrete (made from cement) are sometimes **perfect** for the required type of **building** 2. **Widely available** 3. **Cheaper** than granite and marble 4. A fairly **easy** rock to **cut** 5. Some is more **hard-wearing** than marble, but still looks **attractive** 6. Concrete **quickly** and **cheaply** poured into moulds for **construction** 7. Limestone, concrete and cemement **don't rot** like wood does 8. **C****an't be gnawed** away be insects or rodents 9. **Fire resistant** 10. **Doesn't corrode**
41
Name 3 disadvantages of using limestone products
1. In some case limestone and concrete (made from cement) can be a bit of a **compromise** when used in **building** 2. Concrete buildings are arguably **ugly** 3. Concrete has a **low tensile strength** and can **crack**
42
How can you make concrete buildings stronger?
By **reinforcing** them with **steel bars**

Chemistry: 1 (25 decks)

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