Uworld 14 Flashcards by Bina Malapur

when is endotracheal intubation okay in croup

must fail steroids and nebulizer epinephrine OR

have signs of impending respiratory failure

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The gene in Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome is responsible for what?

cytoskeleton regulation

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difference between common variable immunodeficiency and agammaglobulinemia

CVID: less severe symptoms
after adolescence
Serum immunoglobulin concentration is decreased
B cell concentration is normal

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Triad of DiGeroge

congenital heart disease
T cell deficiency
hypocalcemia

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Most common renal manifestation in Henoch-Schonlein purpura

hematuria

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what size umbilical hernias spontaneously resolve by the age of 5

less than 1.5 cm

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type 1 collagen defect

osteongenesis imperfecta

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Defect in fibroblast growth factor receptor 3

achondroplasia

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Prosthetic joint infection between 3-12 months

Coagulase negative staph

Enterococci

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Diagnostic criteria for acute bacterial rhinosinusitis

1 out of 3

10 days, no improvement
severe onset greater than 3 days
worsening symptoms following initial improvement

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treatment for acute bacterial rhinosinusitits

amoxicillin +/- clavulanate

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Renal vein thrombosis is most commonly associated with which nephrotic syndrome

membranous glomerulopathy

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is left axis deviation in neonatal electrocardiogram normal

no, nunca, never

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left axis deviation on electrocardiogram and decreased pulmonary markings on chest radiograph due to hypoplasia of the right ventricle and pulmonary outflow tract

tricuspid atresia

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name an anterior mass that is related to AFP and B-hCG

teratoma

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can you do a clean-catch urinalysis on a baby with a diaper

nope

instead: urethral cauterization, UA and urine culture

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Dull tympanic membrane that is hypomobile on pneumatic otoscopy

Serous otitis media

- middle ear effusion without signs of an active infection

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represents the excess risk in the exposed population that can be attributed to the risk factor?
“what percent of colorectal carcinoma in women with high fat consumption could be attributed to their diet”

attributable risk percent =

RR-1)/(RR

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snowman sign on x-ray

total anomalous pulmonary venous return with obstruction

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x-ray: “egg-on-a string” heart sign

transposition of the great vessels

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acronym for DiGeroge Syndrome

CATCH
conotruncal cardiac defect
abnormal facies
thyme aplasia/hypoplasia 
cleft palate 
hypocalcemia

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What heart defect is associated with Down Syndroe

Complete atrioventricular septal defects

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what heart defect is associated with DiGeroge’s

transposition of great arteries

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Valsalva

decrease preload

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abrupt standing

decreases preload

hand grip

increases afterload

squatting

increases after load

passive leg rase

increases preload

what drugs should someone avoid with congenital QT prolongation

meds that block potassium channels

what other organ can be affected in myocarditis in Peds population

hepatomegaly: passive congestion from right heart failure

rheumatic fever's most common heart valve defect

mitral stenosis

management of children with rheumatic fever

prophylaxis penicillin

how does knee-chest movement for tetralogy of fallout help

- increases systemic vascular resistance - increases pulmonary blood flow - improves hypoxemia

Trisomy 18

Edwards Rocker-bottom feet overlapping fingers

Biphasic stridor that improves with neck extension

Vascular ring

next step in management for VSD in peds

echo

what is an innocent "flow murmur" of childhood

grade I or II mid-systolic ejection murmur

Common variable immunodeficiency

Normal B cells | B cell differentiation is abnormal

Hyper-IgM-Syndrome

Normal B cells Increase IgM Decrease IgG and IgA

IgA deficiency

only IgA is down | Decrease IgG and IgA

Contraindication to Dtap

immediate anaphylaxis instable neurologic disorders encephalopathy within a week of administration next time, don't give pertussis

Preterm infants should be given vaccines when

``` chronological age (not gestational age) exception: weight less than 4 pounds before first hep A vaccine ```

marked leukocytosis with neutrophil predominance

leukocyte adhesion deficiency

contraindication for rotovirus

intussusception

sharply demarcated parianal rash

streptococcal perianal dermatitis

location of atopic dermatitis in peds

cheeks trunk knees

Management of pityriasis rosea

reassurance | antihistamine for the itching

Treatment for Scabies

Permethrin

what do you see nikosky sign in

Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome

treatment for tine capitis

oral griseofulvin or terbinafine

elevated levels of what are diagnostic of deficiency 21-hydroxylase

17-hydroxyprogesterone

What defines constitutional growth delay

delayed growth spurt delayed puberty delayed bone age

In precocious puberty, what must you do before starting GnRH therapy

MRI of brain

difference between central and peripheral precocious puberty

central: elevated LH peripheral: low LH and FSH

what age is precocious puberty

girls before 8 | guys before 9

first line agents for management for essential hypertension during pregnancy are

Labetalol and methyldopa Hydralazine calcium channel blockers

treatment for neonatal thyrotoxicosis

Can self resolve in 3 months | Methimazole plus a beta blocker

electrolyte finding with hypothyroidism

hyponatremia

frist line treatment for asymptomatic bacteria for pregnant lady

cephalexin amoxicillin-clavulanate Nitrofurantoin Fosfomycin

What is the difference between Carcinoid syndrome and Pheochromocytoma

``` Carcinoid = hypotension Pheo = hypertension ```

Carcinoid tumor causes what vitamin deficiency

Niacin

electrolyte values for Chronic kidney disease

hypocalcemia hyperphosphatemia increased PTH levels

electrolyte values for vitamin D deficiency

low-normal phosphate | normal calcium

Early morning cortisol levels check for what disease

Addison

What tests can be used for Cushing?

late-night saliva cortisol assay 24-hour urine free cortisol measurement low-dose dexamethasone test if hypercortisolism = get ACTH levels

sodium level for primary polydipsia

low Na

sodium level for central DI

high Na

first line treatment for central DI

desmopressin

Postprandial hyperglycemia

elevated A1c despite good control of fasting glucose

Dawn phenomenon

hyperglycemic surge in the early morning hours

Sensorimotor polyneuropathy in diabetes is characterized by

length-dependent axonopathy

Euthyroid sick syndrome

fall in total and free T3 normal T4 normal TSH

subclinical hypothyroid

elevated TSH | normal T4

role of glucagon

prevents blood sugars from dropping too low

What should you suspect with someone with mild diabetes mellitus or hyperglycemia with necrotic migratory erythema

Glucagonoma

Elevated dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels means

androgen-producing adrenal tumor

Sensitive test for differentiating adrenal adenoma and bilateral adrenal hyperplasia in patitents w/o discrete unilateral adrenal mass on imaiging

adrenal venous sampling

Treatment for primary hyperaldosteronism

unilateral: surgery bilateral: medications

how does alkalosis impact calcium

hypocalcemia

Uworld 14 Flashcards

(79 cards)