Vasculitis

Question 1

general presentation of vasculitis

Answer 1

myalgia, arthralgia, arthritis, fever >38, wt loss, malaise

Question 2

what is ANCA and what are the names of the types

Answer 2

Ab expressed by endothelium against neutrophil granulocyte

types: cytoplasmic, perinuclear

Question 3

what test is used to detect ANCA

Answer 3

immunofluorescence

Question 4

what does ANCA stand for

Answer 4

anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic ab

Question 5

what score is used to monitor vasculitis

Answer 5

Birmingham vasculitis score

Question 6

causes of secondary causes of vasculitis

Answer 6

infection, drug, toxin, inflammatory disorder e.g. cancer

Question 7

broad categories of vasculitis

Answer 7

large vessel
medium vessel
small vessel

Question 8

types of large vessel vasculitis

Answer 8

Takayasu arteritis

Giant cell arteritis

Question 9

difference in age of presentation for large vessel vasculitis

Answer 9

Takayasu arteritis: <40yrs

Giant cell arteritis: >50yrs

Question 10

condition associated with large vessel vasculitis

Answer 10

polymyalgia rheumatica

Question 11

age, gender and race that are risk factors for takayasu’s arteritis

Answer 11

japanese female aged 20 - 40

Question 12

general presentation of takayasu’s arterities

Answer 12

dizzy, vision change, weak arm pulses, weight loss, aortic regurg, HTN/IHD

Question 13

blood tests for takayasu’s arteritis

Answer 13

ESR, CRP

Question 14

imaging for takayasu’s arteritis

Answer 14

MRI / PET CT

Question 15

management of takayasu’s arteritis

Answer 15

prednisolone

Question 16

examples of medium vessel vasculitis

Answer 16

kawasaki’s disease, polarteritis nodosa PAN

Question 17

auto-antibody for kawasaki’s disease

vessels commonly affected by kawasaki’s disease

Answer 17

anti-endothelial ab

often coronary arteries

Question 18

age group affected by kawasaki’s disease

Answer 18

mainly children

Question 19

polyarteritis nodosa management

Answer 19

corticosteroids +- cyclophosphamide

Question 20

“necrotizing lesions, aneurysm, segmental transmural inflam + fibrinoid necrosis” describes pathology of which disease

Answer 20

polyartitis nodosa PAN

Question 21

categories of small vessel vasculitis

Answer 21

ANCA associated and immune complex

Question 22

examples of immune complex mediated small vessel vasculitis

Answer 22

cryoglobulinaemia, HSP, SLE, Goodpasture’s

Question 23

autoantibodies for GPA

Answer 23

cANCA, anti-PR3

Question 24

pathology of GPA

Answer 24

granulomatosis, necrotizing glomerulonephritis, retinal thrombosis

Question 25

male, resp tract ulcer, sinusitis, nasal crust, epistaxis, deaf, otitis media, saddle nose, haemoptysis, cough, purpura, cranial nerve palsy, conjunctivitis, proptosis, uveitis

Answer 25

Wegener’s GPA polyangitis

Question 26

investigations for GPA

Answer 26

CXR, urinalysis (proteinurea), autoantibodies

Question 27

examples of anca associated small vessel vasculitis

Answer 27

wegener's GPA polyangitis microscopic polyangitis MPA churg strauss EGPA

Question 28

autoantibodies for microscopic polyangitis mpa

Answer 28

pANCA, anti-MPO

Question 29

microscopic polyangitis mpa pathology

Answer 29

necrotizing glomerulonephritis, no granulomas

Question 30

what is pauci immune vasculitis

Answer 30

ANCA associated small vessel vasculitis

Question 31

what is the difference between the presentation of GPA & EGPA

Answer 31

EGPA has later onset and asthma and no eye/ENT involvement

Question 32

autoantibodies for EGPA

Answer 32

pANCA, anti-MPO

Question 33

gender GPA more common in

Answer 33

males

Question 34

what areas of the body are affected by PAN

Answer 34

at vessel bifurcation skin/gut/kidney, spares lung

Question 35

what immune component is affected by Henoch-Schonlein purpura

Answer 35

IgA

Question 36

age group affected by Henoch-Schonlein purpura

Answer 36

children, occasionally adults

Question 37

predisposing factor sometimes present in HSP

Answer 37

strep URTI 1-3 weeks before

Question 38

presentation of HSP

Answer 38

purpuric rash on feet / buttocks / extensor surfaces plus glumerulonephritis +- abdo pain

Question 39

management of HSP

Answer 39

self limiting, supportive