VENIPUNCTURE Flashcards by Shynne Galang

EQUIPMENT FOR VENIPUNCTURE

-Tourniquet
-Collection Tubes
-Additives in Collection Tubes
-Needles
-Needle Holders
-Winged Blood Collection Set (Butterfly)
-Syringes
-Solutions for Skin Antisepsis

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used to provide a barrier against venous blood flow to help locate a vein

Torniquet

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Additives in Collection Tubes

-Clot activators
-Anticoagulants
-Antiglycolytic Agent
-Separator Gel

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Blood specimens for serum testing must first be allowed to clot for

30 to 60 minutes prior to centrifugation and removal of the serum

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Accelerates the clotting
process and decreases the specimen preparation time

Clot activators

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Examples of clot activators

-glass
-silica particles
-thrombin

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Prevents blood from clotting

anticoagulant

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Anticoagulants

-Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
-citrate
-oxalate
-heparin

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Inhibits the metabolism of glucose by blood cells

antiglycolytic agent

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The most commonly used antiglycolytic agent

Sodium fluoride

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Tubes containing sodium fluoride alone yields what?

Serum

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Tubes containing sodium fluoride and an anticoagulant yields what?

Plasma

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An inert material that undergoes a temporary change in viscosity during the centrifugation process; this enables it to serve as a separation barrier between the liquid (serum or plasma) and cells.

Separator gel

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Prevents blood from dripping into the holder when changing tubes

Rubber sleeve

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The gauge number of a needle is directly related to the bore size

False,directly—-Inversely

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The most common needle size for adult venipuncture

21 gauge with a length of 1 inch

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Advantage of using a 1-inch needle

Provides better control during venipuncture.

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Gold top additive

Clot activator and gel
for serum separation

Light Green additive

Lithium heparin and gel for plasma separation

Red top additive

-Silicone coated (glass)
-Clot activator, Silicone
coated (plastic)

Orange top additive

Thrombin-based clot activator with gel for serum separation

Royal Blue top

-Clot activator (plastic serum)
-K2EDTA (plastic)

Green top additive

-Sodium heparin
-Lithium heparin

Gray top additive

-Potassium oxalate/ sodium fluoride
-Sodium fluoride/Na2 EDTA
-Sodium fluoride (serum tube)

Tan top additive

-K2EDTA (plastic)

Lavender top additive

-Liquid K3EDTA (glass) -Spray-coated K2EDTA (plastic)

White top additive

-K2EDTA and gel for plasma separation

Pink top additive

-Spray-coated K2EDTA (plastic)

Light Blue additive

-Buffered sodium citrate 0.105 M (3.2%) glass 0.109 M (3.2%) plastic -Citrate, theophylline, adenosine, dipyridamole (CTAD)

Gold top tube

- serum determinations in chemistry -used for routine blood donor screening and diagnostic testing of serum for infectious disease

Light Green tube

- plasma determinations in chemistry

Red top tube

- serum determinations in chemistry - used for routine blood donor screening and diagnostic testing of serum for infectious disease

Orange top tube

- Stat serum determinations in chemistry.

Royal Blue top

For trace-element, toxicology, and nutritional-chemistry determinations

Green top tube

For plasma determinations in chemistry

Gray top tube

For glucose determinations

Tan top tube

For lead determinations. This tube is certified to contain less than .01 mg/mL(ppm) lead.

Lavender top tube

-K2EDTA and K3EDTA for whole blood hematology determinations -K2EDTA may be used for routine immunohematology testing, and blood donor screening

White top tube

For use in molecular diagnostic test methods

Pink top tube

- For whole blood hematology determinations. - Ued for routine immunohematology testing and blood donor screening - Designed with special cross-match label for patient information required by the AABB

Light blue

- For coagulation determinations -

For selected platelet function assays and routine coagulation determination.

-Citrate, theophylline, adenosine, dipyridamole (CTAD)

Order of Draw for venipuncture

- CCSHES Culture, Coagulation, Serum, Heparin, Edta, Sodium