Viniculture/Viticulture Flashcards
(38 cards)
What are the 8 common categories of viticulture?
- vine training
- pruning methods
- canopy management
- fertilization
- irrigation
- harvest dates
- Disease control
- Monitoring the development of the vinyard
When does budbreak start?
February
What is veraison?
When the grapes soften and start to change color.
What does vendage mean?
Harvest
What is the ideal temperature range for grapes to grow?
50-68 degrees
70 degrees for ripening
What is the minimum amount of sunshine required to support viticulture?
1300 hours
What is the required amount of rainfall annually in order to produce adequate crop?
20-30 inches of rainfall
What happens if the vine has too much rain?
It can dilute the flavor of the wine and quality as well as fungal disease.
What is terrior?
The complete system of the living vine.
What is macroclimate?
Regional climate
What is mesoclimate?
The climate particular to the vinyard
What is Microclimate?
The climate in and around the vine canopy
What is mass selection or selection massale?
When the grower selects videos for replanting from a number of vines throughout the vinyard rather than a single clone.
What is virus ripara?
American rootstock that is phylloxera resistant
What is cordon training?
When the vine has at least one permanent cane that extends from the trunk called an arm or cordon.
What is head training?
When the vine has no permanent cordon and the trunk ends up in a knob.
What is the guyot system?
Vertical trellises on which canes can be suspended.
What are three fungal diseases?
Powdery mildew, Downey mildew, eutypa dieback
What is one fungal disease that can not be treated?
Esca or black measles. It weakens growth and development and it’s a wood rotting fungus.
What are three bacterial diseases
Pierces disease, bacterial blight, crown gall (black knot).
What are two viral diseases
Leafroll virus and fanleaf degeneration.
What is chaptalization?
Addition of sugar to grape must to increase alcohol and glycerin content.
What is battonage?
Stirring of the lees during fermentation
What does barrel fermentation bring to winemaking?
It lacks temperature control but can lead to more expression of color and oak.