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BB 3rd Edition > Virus > Flashcards

Virus Flashcards

(65 cards)

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1
Q

Mousepox

A

ECTV, orthopoxvirus

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2
Q

ECTV resistance

A

A, BC, DBA/1, DBA/2, and CBA susceptible, B6 resistant (natural);

BALB/c, A, DBA/2, C3H susceptible, AKR and SJL moderate, and B6 highly resistant (experimental)

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3
Q

Transmission: mousepox

A

Direct contact and skin abrasions, highly stable at room temp, virus excretion lasts for around 3 weeks

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4
Q
A

Ectromelia, intracytoplasmic inclusions

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6
Q
A

ECTV - White spots on liver (necrosis), splenic necrosis - mosaic pattern

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7
Q

Inclusion bodies - ECTV

A

A type (Marchal body) - well demarcated, acidophilic, primarily in epithelial cells of skin or mucous membranes

B type - basophilic, found in all ectromelia-infected cells (difficult to visualize)

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8
Q
A

ECTV vaccination “Take”, uses hemagglutinin-deficient strain to scarify skin on dorsum of tail

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10
Q

ECTV diagnosis

A

Serum from vaccinated mice may react by ELISA but should not react with HAI

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12
Q

Herpesvirus - mouse

A

Subfamily - betaherpesvirinae, genus Muromegalovirus, two species - MHV1 (MCMV) and MHV3 (MTV)

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13
Q
A

MPV

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14
Q

MCMV

A

Betaherpesvirus, subclinical in adult, lethal in neonates

Persistent infection - saliva, urine, tears

Limited to enlarged cells with eosinophilic intranuclear/cytoplasmic inclusions with lymphoplasmacytic interstitial inflammation, esp. in cervical salivary gland

Can suppress immune responses

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15
Q

MTV

A

Mouse thymic virus

Natural infection is subclinical

Excretion of virus in saliva

Severe diffuse necrosis of thymus and lymphoid tissue with tropism for CD4+ T cells, intranuclear inclusions

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16
Q

MVM

A

DNA, protoparvovirus, species - rodent protoparvovirus 1

VP1/2 are virus specific for differentiation between MVM and MPV

Natural infection - subclinical

Mouse is only known host, oronasal exposure, not PI

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18
Q
A

MAV B

Intranuclear adenoviral inclusions in SI of infant mouse

Vacuolated enterocytes (typical of normal neonatal mouse bowel)

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19
Q

MPV-3

A

Close to a hamster parvovirus isolate

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20
Q

MPV

A

Causes PI

Enters through mucosa of intestine - virus replication

No histo

Provoke immune dysfunction

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21
Q

MAV-1

A

Nonenveloped DNA virus

Murine mastadenovirus A (or FL)

Can cause severe dz in infant mice, wasting, death, necrosis (brown fat, myocardium, adrenal cortex, salivary gland, kidney), intranuclear inclusions

Low prevalence

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22
Q

MAV-2

A

Murine mastadenovirus B (K87)

Enterotropic and responsible for virtually all naturally occuring infections, usually subclinical

Amphophilic, intranuclear inclusions in intestinal epithelium (distal SI)

MAV-2 antigen should be used for serological detection regardless of assay

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24
Q

PyV

A

Polyoma virus, DNA, Murine polyomavirus

Tumor induction, neuro dz, and wasting can occur in immunodeficient mice

Transmission via respiratory, PI in infant mice

B6 most resistent to PyV oncogenesis

Tumors of both epithelial and mesenchymal origin

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25
Q

K virus

A

Absent in modern times, vascular endothelium, PI

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26
Q
A

SV

Consolidation

Necrotizing bronchiolitis

Intersitial pneumonia

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27
Q

LDV

A

Lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus (only LDH-V isotype)

RNA virus, Arteriviridae, PI, wild mice

Subclinical, poliomyelitis

Transmission through mechanical transfer (bite wounds)

Selectively targets F4/F8-positive macrophages

Homozygousity for the Fv-1n

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28
Q

Fv-1n

A

Permits replications of endogenous N-tropic ectropic murine leukemia virus

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29
Q

LCMV

A

Arenaviridiae, RNA

Dz due to host immune response

ZOONOTIC

Natural infection - “late disease”, weight loss, death

Exp. infection - Sudden death, runting, neuro

Viscerotropic - conjunctivitis, ascites, somnolesscence, death

Mice, hamsters, GP, NHP

In adult mice with acute LCMV virus multiples in DCs, B cells, macrophages (T cells resistant)

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30
SV
Parmyxovirus (similar to human PI-1), RNA Hunched, piloerection, weight loss, dyspnea, chattering, ocular discharge - more lethal in suckling mice Transmitted by aerosol, highly contagious, morbidity 100% B6 highly resistant, DBA/2 highly susceptible Rats, hamsters, GPs Can "burn out"
31
SV - pathology
Gross - partial to complete consolidation, meaty, plum-colored Histo - targets airway epithelium and type II pneumocytes, bronchopneumonia and interstitial pneumonia
33
EDIM - swelling of enterocytes at tips of villi
34
PVM
*Murine pneumonia virus*, RNA, Pneumovirus, paramyxoviridae Natural infection - subclinical, acute, self-limiting in immunocomp., seropos animals are immune or in final stage of acute infection Mice, rats, hamsters, rabbits Intimate contact required for transmission, environmental inactivation is rapid More mild than SV Can exacerbate pneumocystosis
35
Reovirus - mouse
Reovirus *per se* (Mammalian orthoreovirus) and murine rotavirus (*Rotavirus A*, EDIM)
36
Mammalian orthoreovirus (1,2, and 3)
3 is associated with naturally occuring disease Acute dz - 2 wks, adults - subclinical Emaciation, abdominal distension, steatorrhea (**oily, matted hair**), icterus, neuro, partially alopecic Enter through infecting intestinal epithelial cells (M cells) that cover Peyer's patches Liver/intesine, papillary muscles of left ventricle, brain
37
MHV, Necrosis, inflammation, syncytium in liver
38
Hepatitis, syncytia in SCID mouse
39
MHV, proliferative colitis in chronically infected athymic mouse
40
MHV, Small intestine of neonatal mouse, villi attenuated and marked syncytia
41
Rotavirus
ds RNA, wheel-like ultrastructure
42
MHV antigen in colonic mucosa of an athymic mouse chronically infected with enterotropic MHV
43
EDIM
Group A rotavirus Replicates in differentiated epithelial cells of the small intestine by budding into cisternae of endoplasmic reticulum Will still see milk in stomach Can burn out w/ cessation of breeding
44
EDIM - Clinical Signs
Mice Bloated abdomens, fecal soiling of perineum, low mortality, transient weight loss
46
MHV
Coronavirus, RNA, radially arranged peplomers (spikes) Enterotropic (intestinal) and polytropic strains (respiratory, multi) Can be differentiated by neutralization tests that detect strain-specific spike (S) antigens SYNCYTIUM Respiratory/oral
47
MHV - Epizoo
Infection in immunocompetent is self-limiting Will not develop cross-immunity to other strains DBA/2 mice highly susceptible to MHV-3, A/J resistant
48
MHV - Pathology
Polytropic - replicate initially in nasal mucosa, yellow-white foci of necrosis in various tissues SYNCITIA at margins, acute neocrotizing encephalitis/mengingo
53
MHV - other
Often subclinical so serology Can burn out in immunocompetent adults at cage level Remains infectious up to several days in environment
55
TMEV
Theiler's Murine Encephalomyelitis Virus Cardiovirus, picornaviridae, RNA, nonenveloped Prototype strains - TO (Theiler's original), FA, DA, and GD VII (George's disease) Neuro disease - flaccid posterior paralysis Acquired by ingestion, replicates in intestinal mucosa
56
Cardiovirus - murine
Picornaviridae family EMCV TMEV
57
Max Theiler
Discovered TMEV during experimental studies of yellow fever virus in mice Prototype strains - TO (Theiler's original), FA, DA, and GD VII (George Martine - George's Disease)
58
MNV
nonenveloped RNA, caliciviridae (family) Resistant to environmental infection Species-specific High mortality in interferon receptor and STAT1 null mice, RAG1 cannot clear Fecal-oral Tropism for macrophages and dendritic cells Suceptible mice may develop splenomegaly and multifocal pale spots in liver Neonatal mice are resistant to infection
59
MGH strain - TMEV
Isolated from laboratory rats and is pathogenic in mice and rats after experimental innoculation
60
Hantavirus
RNA virus, Bunyaviridae (family) NOT arthropod borne Infection is lifelong ZOONOTIC (rats)
61
Retrovirus - mouse
MMTV and MLV RNA, retroviridae MMTV - LTR region contains additional Sag Bittner MMTV and Gross, Friend, Moloney, and Rauscher's MLV DBA, C3H, and GRS carry Mtv1 or Mtv2 loci - encode infectious virus AKR mice develop 100% prevelance of thymic lymphoma between 6-12 months, BALB/c commonly develop multicentric lymphoma MMTV can induce lymphomas in SJL
62
Noninfectious retrovirus related retroelements
IAP, VL30, MusD, and ETn
63
Exogenous viruses
Horizontally transmitted, replication-competent
64
Endogenous virus
Closely related to exogenous viruses, encoded within mouse genome, transmitted by Mendalian inheritance
65
Ecotropic virus
If endogenous retrovirus is still infectious to other mouse cell targets
66
Xenotropic virus
No longer infectious to mouse cells, but can infect other species
67
Astrovirus
nonenveloped, ss RNA, Mamastrovirus Associated with human gastroenteritis MuAstV No clinical signs Detected in most common immunocompromised strains
68
ECTV vaccination
IHD-T strain of vaccinia is used to scarify skin on the dorsum of the tails "Takes" should occur in previously uninfected mice, but not in infected mice
69
Interstitial pneumonia in a DBA mouse infected with SV
70
Lungs from a DBA mouse infected with SV. Note consolidation of lung tisuse at hilus.
71
Necrotizing bronchiolitis in a DBA mouse affected with SV
72
73
Severe interstitial pneumonia in an athymic mouse chronically infected with pnuemonia virus of mice (MPnV)
74
Hepatitis and syncytia in the liver of a SCID mouse. Note obvious syncytia in this liver due to absence of immune response, compared to liver of an infected immunocompetent mouse
75
Proliferative colitis in an athymic mouse chronically infected with enterotropic MHV
76
Small intestine of neonatal mouse infected with enterotropic MHV. Villi are markedly attenuated and there are prominent syncytia at the tips of the villi
77
Posterior paralysis in a mouse natrual infected with TMEV

BB 3rd Edition (19 decks)

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